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Exam question 4 · The first farms and towns

It is given that a surplus of food was produced by early farming communities. Determine the principal consequence thereof.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: early farming communities, you · What happens: give, produce, determine · To what, where: It, surplus, principal consequence

This is exam question 4 of lesson 2 «The first farms and towns» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a surplus of food was produced by early farming communities.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 produced	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 surplus	det
6	surplus	surplus	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 produced	nsubj:pass
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 food	case
8	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 surplus	nmod
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 produced	aux:pass
10	produced	produce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
11	by	by	ADP	_	14 communities	case
12	early	early	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 communities	amod
13	farming	farming	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 communities	compound
14	communities	community	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 produced	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	produce	past · passive	early farming communities	a surplus of food					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Determine the principal consequence thereof.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 consequence	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 consequence	amod
4	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
5	thereof	thereof	ADV	_	1 Determine	advmod
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the principal consequence				thereof property	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consequence=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Certain persons were enabled to pursue occupations other than farming

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Certain	certain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 persons	amod
2	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 enabled	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 enabled	aux:pass
4	enabled	enable	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 pursue	mark
6	pursue	pursue	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 enabled	xcomp
7	occupations	occupation	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 pursue	obj
8	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 occupations	amod
9	than	than	ADP	_	10 farming	case
10	farming	farming	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pursue	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	enable	past · passive		Certain persons					tree rules
2	pursue	to-infinitive	Certain persons not said here	occupations				than farming	vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent occupation=Theme

Option 2

All persons were obliged to resume hunting

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 persons	det
2	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 obliged	nsubj:pass
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 obliged	aux:pass
4	obliged	oblige	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 resume	mark
6	resume	resume	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 obliged	xcomp
7	hunting	hunting	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 resume	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	oblige	past · passive		all persons					vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result
2	resume	to-infinitive		hunting					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hunting=Eventuality

Option 3

The population was obliged to diminish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 population	det
2	population	population	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 obliged	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 obliged	aux:pass
4	obliged	oblige	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 diminish	mark
6	diminish	diminish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 obliged	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	oblige	past · passive		the population					vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result
2	diminish	to-infinitive							vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 4

Commerce was thereupon prohibited

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Commerce	commerce	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 prohibited	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 prohibited	aux:pass
3	thereupon	thereupon	ADV	_	4 prohibited	advmod
4	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prohibit	past · passive		Commerce				thereupon property	vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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