Test 11 · ★ · The first farms and towns

Why is it fair to say farming changed people's lives more than almost anything?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: farming · What happens: be, say, change · To what, where: lives · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 2 «The first farms and towns» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 fair	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fair	cop
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 fair	expl
4	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 say	mark
6	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 fair	csubj
7	farming	farming	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 changed	nsubj
8	changed	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 say	ccomp
9	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 lives	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 people	case
11	lives	life	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 changed	obj
12	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 changed	advmod
13	than	than	ADP	_	15 anything	case
14	almost	almost	ADV	_	15 anything	advmod
15	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	12 more	obl
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 fair	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present			fair property	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	to-infinitive				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	change	past	farming	people's lives		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It let people settle, build towns and take new jobs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 let	nsubj
2	let	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 let	obj
4	settle	settle	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 let	xcomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 build	punct
6	build	build	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 settle	conj
7	towns	town	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 build	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 take	cc
9	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres Typo=Yes VerbForm=Fin	2 let	conj
10	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 jobs	amod
11	jobs	job	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 take	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	let	past	It	people	tree rules
2	settle	infinitive	people not said here		vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	build	infinitive	people not said here	towns	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset town=Product
4	take	present		new jobs	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Theme

Option 2

It made everyone stop eating meat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 made	nsubj
2	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	2 made	obj
4	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 made	xcomp
5	eating	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 stop	xcomp
6	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 eating	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	make	past	It	everyone	tree rules
2	stop	infinitive	everyone not said here		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
3	eat	gerund	everyone not said here	meat	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meat=Patient

Option 3

It ended all wars for ever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 ended	nsubj
2	ended	end	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 wars	det
4	wars	war	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 ended	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 ever	case
6	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	2 ended	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	end	past	It	all wars					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality war=Eventuality

Option 4

It meant nobody had to work hard any more, as food grew itself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 meant	nsubj
2	meant	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 had	nsubj
4	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 meant	ccomp
5	to	to	PART	_	6 work	mark
6	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 had	xcomp
7	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 work	advmod
8	any	any	ADV	_	9 more	advmod
9	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 work	advmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 grew	punct
11	as	as	SCONJ	_	13 grew	mark
12	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 grew	nsubj
13	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 meant	conj
14	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	13 grew	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	mean	past	It			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	have	past	nobody			tree rules
3	work	to-infinitive	nobody not said here		hard property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	grow	past	food	food		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location itself=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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