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Test 4 · ★ · The first farms and towns

A documentary says aliens built Stonehenge. What do historians say?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: documentary, aliens, historians · What happens: say, build · To what, where: Stonehenge · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 2 «The first farms and towns» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A documentary says aliens built Stonehenge.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 documentary	det
2	documentary	documentary	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	aliens	alien	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 built	nsubj
5	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
6	Stonehenge	Stonehenge	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 built	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a documentary						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	build	past	aliens	Stonehenge					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset stonehenge=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What do historians say?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 say	obj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 say	aux
3	historians	historian	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 say	nsubj
4	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present · do-support	historians						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Romans built it as a temple

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Romans	Roman	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 built	nsubj
2	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 built	obj
4	as	as	ADP	_	6 temple	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 temple	det
6	temple	temple	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 built	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	past	Romans	it				as a temple	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product

Option 2

The stones grew there by themselves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 stones	det
2	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grew	nsubj
3	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 grew	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 themselves	case
6	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	3 grew	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	past	the stones			there		by stones = stone	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by themselves=Location

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Farmers moved the stones with ropes, sledges and rollers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 moved	nsubj
2	moved	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 stones	det
4	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 moved	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 ropes	case
6	ropes	rope	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 moved	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 sledges	punct
8	sledges	sledge	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 ropes	conj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 rollers	cc
10	rollers	roller	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 ropes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	past	Farmers	the stones				with ropes and sledges and rollers	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent stone=Theme

Option 4

Giants carried the stones one by one from Wales on their backs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Giants	Giant	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 carried	nsubj
2	carried	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 stones	det
4	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 carried	obj
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 carried	obj
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 one	case
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 one	nmod
8	from	from	ADP	_	9 Wales	case
9	Wales	Wales	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 carried	obl
10	on	on	ADP	_	12 backs	case
11	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 backs	nmod:poss
12	backs	back	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 carried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	past	Giants	the stones		Wales		on Giants's backs	vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme stone=Beneficiary one=Value

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/2-the-first-farms-and-towns/t4/