Exam question 2 · The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning horned helmets attributed to the Vikings.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: select, establish, concern, horn, attribute · To what, where: response, horned helmets

This is exam question 2 of lesson 20 «The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 helmets	case
10	horned	horn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 helmets	amod
11	helmets	helmet	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 facts	nmod
12	attributed	attribute	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 helmets	acl
13	to	to	ADP	_	15 Vikings	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Vikings	det
15	Vikings	Viking	PROPN	Number=Plur	12 attributed	obl:agent
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
4	horn	participle				tree rules
5	attribute	participle		horned helmets not said here		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They derive from operatic costume of the nineteenth century

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 derive	nsubj
2	derive	derive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 costume	case
4	operatic	operatic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 costume	amod
5	costume	costume	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 derive	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 century	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 century	det
8	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 century	amod
9	century	century	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 costume	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	derive	present	They			operatic costume of the nineteenth century			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from costume=Material

Option 2

They are attested in numerous Viking burials

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 attested	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 attested	aux:pass
3	attested	attest	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 burials	case
5	numerous	numerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 burials	amod
6	Viking	viking	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 burials	compound
7	burials	burial	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 attested	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	attest	present · passive		They		numerous Viking burials			tree rules

Option 3

They were worn solely by kings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 worn	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 worn	aux:pass
3	worn	wear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 worn	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 kings	case
6	kings	king	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 worn	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wear	past · passive	kings	They				solely property	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent subject=Source

Option 4

They were mandated by Norse law

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 mandated	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 mandated	aux:pass
3	mandated	mandate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 law	case
5	Norse	norse	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 law	amod
6	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 mandated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mandate	past · passive	Norse law	They					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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