Exam question 3 · Explorers: Magellan around the world, and the people alrea…

Ascertain the cause of the discrepancy of one day observed in the records of the returning crew.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, observe, return, cause, record · To what, where: cause, one day, records, discrepancy, returning crew

This is exam question 3 of lesson 27 «Explorers: Magellan around the world, and the people already there» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 cause	det
3	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 discrepancy	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 discrepancy	det
6	discrepancy	discrepancy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cause	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 day	case
8	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 day	nummod
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 discrepancy	nmod
10	observed	observe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 day	acl
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 records	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 records	det
13	records	record	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 observed	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	17 crew	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 crew	det
16	returning	return	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	17 crew	amod
17	crew	crew	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 records	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the cause of the discrepancy of one day		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cause=Topic
2	observe	participle		one day not said here	the records of the returning crew	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	return	gerund				vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	cause			the discrepancy of one day		nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient
5	record			the returning crew		nom record «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Their westward circumnavigation entailed one fewer sunrise

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 circumnavigation	nmod:poss
2	westward	westward	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 circumnavigation	amod
3	circumnavigation	circumnavigation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 entailed	nsubj
4	entailed	entail	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 sunrise	nummod
6	fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 sunrise	amod
7	sunrise	sunrise	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 entailed	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	entail	past	Their westward circumnavigation				sunrise		tree rules
2	circumnavigate		Their = they						nom circumnavigation «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

A day spent in harbour unrecorded

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 day	det
2	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 unrecorded	nsubj
3	spent	spend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	2 day	acl
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 harbour	case
5	harbour	harbour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spent	obl
6	unrecorded	unrecord	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spend	participle		a day not said here		harbour			vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	unrecord	past	a day						tree rules

Option 3

An error in the calendar of Spain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 error	det
2	error	error	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 calendar	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 calendar	det
5	calendar	calendar	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 error	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 Spain	case
7	Spain	Spain	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 calendar	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

The loss of a page of the ship's log

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 loss	det
2	loss	loss	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 page	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 page	det
5	page	page	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 loss	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	10 log	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 ship	det
8	ship	ship	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 log	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 ship	case
10	log	log	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 page	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	page			the ship's log					nom page «communication transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/27-explorers-magellan-around-the-world-and-the-people-already-there/e3/