Test 10 · ★★★ · The age of science

Why did seeing microbes help people later understand disease?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: microbes, people · What happens: do, see, help, understand · To what, where: people, disease · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 29 «The age of science» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Why	advcl
3	seeing	see	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 did	advcl
4	microbes	microbe	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 help	nsubj
5	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 seeing	ccomp
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 help	obj
7	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 understand	advmod
8	understand	understand	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 help	xcomp
9	disease	disease	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 understand	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	do	past				vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	see	gerund				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
3	help	present	microbes	people		vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent people=Beneficiary clause=Theme
4	understand	infinitive	people not said here	disease	late property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer disease=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It showed a hidden world of tiny living things

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 showed	nsubj
2	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 world	det
4	hidden	hidden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 world	amod
5	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 showed	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 things	case
7	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 things	amod
8	living	living	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 things	amod
9	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 world	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	past	It	a hidden world of tiny living things					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent world=Recipient

Option 2

It had nothing to do with disease

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 had	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 do	mark
5	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 nothing	acl
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 disease	case
7	disease	disease	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 do	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	It	nothing					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient
2	do	to-infinitive		nothing not said here				with disease	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It proved diseases come from the stars and the Moon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 proved	nsubj
2	proved	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	diseases	disease	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 come	nsubj
4	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 proved	ccomp
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 stars	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 stars	det
7	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 come	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 Moon	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Moon	det
10	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 proved	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prove	past	It						vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	come	present	diseases			the stars			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from star=Initial_Location

Option 4

It showed water was poisonous

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 showed	nsubj
2	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 poisonous	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 poisonous	cop
5	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 showed	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	past	It						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	past	water					poisonous property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/29-the-age-of-science/t10/