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Test 10 · Mesopotamia: the first cities and writing

Gilgamesh learns that all people die. What does this show about people 4,000 years ago?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Gilgamesh, people, this · What happens: learn, die, show · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 of lesson 3 «Mesopotamia: the first cities and writing» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Gilgamesh learns that all people die.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gilgamesh	Gilgamesh	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 learns	nsubj
2	learns	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 die	mark
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 people	det
5	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 die	nsubj
6	die	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 learns	ccomp
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 learns	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	present	Gilgamesh						vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	die	present	all people						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does this show about people 4,000 years ago?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 show	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 show	aux
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 show	nsubj
4	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	about	about	ADP	_	6 people	case
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 show	obl
7	4,000	4,000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 years	nummod
8	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 ago	obl:unmarked
9	ago	ago	ADV	_	4 show	advmod
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 show	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present · do-support	this					about people; ago property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent what=Recipient about people=Topic

The options

Option 1

They did not care about anything

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 care	nsubj
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 care	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 care	advmod
4	care	care	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	about	about	ADP	_	6 anything	case
6	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 care	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not care	past · do-support	They					about anything	vn care-88.1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus what S»: agent=Experiencer about anything=Stimulus

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

They worried about friendship and death like us

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 worried	nsubj
2	worried	worry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	about	about	ADP	_	4 friendship	case
4	friendship	friendship	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 worried	obl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 death	cc
6	death	death	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 friendship	conj
7	like	like	ADP	_	8 us	case
8	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 worried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	worry	past	They					about friendship and death; like us	vn care-88.1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus what S»: agent=Experiencer about friendship=Stimulus

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

They had no stories at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 stories	det
4	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 had	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 had	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	They	no stories		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Patient

Option 4

They thought nobody ever died

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 thought	nsubj
2	thought	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 died	nsubj
4	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	5 died	advmod
5	died	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 thought	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	past	They						vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	die	past	nobody				ever		vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/3-mesopotamia-first-cities-and-writing/t10/