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Test 2 · Britain and Ireland: a short story

Dave reckons English is pure, never borrowed a word. What do you tell him?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Dave, English, you · What happens: reckon, be, not borrow, tell · To what, where: word, English · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 2 of lesson 37 «Britain and Ireland: a short story» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Dave reckons English is pure, never borrowed a word.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dave	Dave	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 reckons	nsubj
2	reckons	reckon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 pure	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 pure	cop
5	pure	pure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 reckons	ccomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 borrowed	punct
7	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 borrowed	advmod
8	borrowed	borrow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 reckons	parataxis
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 word	det
10	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 borrowed	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 reckons	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reckon	present	Dave						vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	English					pure property	tree rules
3	not borrow	past		a word					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What do you tell him?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 tell	obj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 tell	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 tell	nsubj
4	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 tell	iobj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 tell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	present · do-support	you		English				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is a mix of many languages, with thousands of French words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 mix	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 mix	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 mix	det
4	mix	mix	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 languages	case
6	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 languages	amod
7	languages	language	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 mix	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 thousands	punct
9	with	with	ADP	_	10 thousands	case
10	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 mix	conj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 words	case
12	French	French	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 words	amod
13	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 thousands	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a mix and thousands of French words				of many languages	tree rules

Option 2

He's right, every single word is pure old Anglo-Saxon from long ago

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 Saxon	punct
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	7 word	det
6	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 word	amod
7	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 Saxon	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 Saxon	cop
9	pure	pure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 Saxon	amod
10	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 Saxon	amod
11	Anglo	Anglo	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 Saxon	compound
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 Anglo	punct
13	Saxon	Saxon	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 right	obl
14	from	from	ADP	_	15 long	case
15	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	16 ago	advmod
16	ago	ago	ADV	_	3 right	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					ago, right property	tree rules
2	is a	present	every single word	pure old Anglo Saxon					tree rules

Option 3

English comes only from Latin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 comes	nsubj
2	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 Latin	advmod
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 Latin	case
5	Latin	Latin	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 comes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	English			Latin			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from latin=Initial_Location

Option 4

English was invented in 1900

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 invented	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 invented	aux:pass
3	invented	invent	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 1900	case
5	1900	1900	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 invented	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	invent	past · passive		English		1900			vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/37-britain-and-ireland-a-short-story/t2/