Test 4 · Britain and Ireland: a short story

Why do millions of Americans have Irish ancestors?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: millions · What happens: do, have · To what, where: Irish ancestors

This is test 4 of lesson 37 «Britain and Ireland: a short story» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 do	advmod
2	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 have	advcl
3	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 have	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 Americans	case
5	Americans	American	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 millions	nmod
6	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	Irish	Irish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 ancestors	amod
8	ancestors	ancestor	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 have	obj
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	millions of Americans not said here						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	have	present	millions of Americans	Irish ancestors					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ancestor=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The Irish invented America

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 America	det
2	Irish	Irish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 America	amod
3	invented	invent	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 America	amod
4	America	America	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	invent	participle							vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Over a million people left Ireland in the Great Famine, many for America

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Over	over	ADP	_	3 million	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 million	det
3	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 left	obl
4	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 left	nsubj
5	left	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 left	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 Famine	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Famine	det
9	Great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 Famine	amod
10	Famine	Famine	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 left	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 America	punct
12	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 America	amod
13	for	for	ADP	_	14 America	case
14	America	America	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 left	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	past	people	Ireland		a million		in the Great Famine; for many America	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent ireland=Theme over million=Location

Option 3

Everyone in America is Irish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	5 Irish	nsubj
2	in	in	ADP	_	3 America	case
3	America	America	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Everyone	nmod
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 Irish	cop
5	Irish	Irish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Everyone					irish property	tree rules

Option 4

Ireland was part of America

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 part	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 part	cop
3	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 America	case
5	America	America	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 part	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Ireland	part				of America	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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