Test 8 · ★★ · The United States: a short story
A cowboy film shows the west as empty land waiting for settlers. What is missing?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: cowboy film, empty land · What happens: show, wait, be · To what, where: west
This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 38 «The United States: a short story» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A cowboy film shows the west as empty land waiting for settlers.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 film | det |
| 2 | cowboy | cowboy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 film | compound |
| 3 | film | film | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shows | nsubj |
| 4 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 west | det |
| 6 | west | west | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shows | obj |
| 7 | as | as | ADP | _ | 9 land | case |
| 8 | empty | empty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 land | amod |
| 9 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shows | obl |
| 10 | waiting | wait | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 land | acl |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 settlers | case |
| 12 | settlers | settler | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 waiting | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 shows | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present | a cowboy film | the west | as empty land | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent west=Recipient | |||
| 2 | wait | gerund | empty land not said here | for settlers | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is missing?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 missing | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 missing | cop |
| 3 | missing | missing | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 missing | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | missing property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
The horses
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 horses | det |
| 2 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
The Native nations who lived there
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 nations | det |
| 2 | Native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 nations | amod |
| 3 | nations | nation | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 lived | nsubj |
| 5 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 nations | acl:relcl |
| 6 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 lived | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past | the Native nations | there | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 3
Nothing at all
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | root | root |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 3 all | case |
| 3 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 1 Nothing | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4
The trains
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 trains | det |
| 2 | trains | train | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/38-the-united-states-a-short-story/t8/