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Test 8 · Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus

Danylo says Kyiv in 1050 was the biggest city in the world; the teacher calls it «a village». Who's right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Danylo, Kyiv, teacher · What happens: say, be, call · To what, where: biggest city, world · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 of lesson 41 «Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Danylo says Kyiv in 1050 was the biggest city in the world; the teacher calls it «a village».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Kyiv	Kyiv	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 city	nsubj
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 1050	case
5	1050	1050	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 Kyiv	nmod
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 city	cop
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 city	det
8	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 city	amod
9	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	ccomp
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 world	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 world	det
12	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 city	nmod
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 calls	punct
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 teacher	det
15	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 calls	nsubj
16	calls	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	conj
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 calls	obj
18	«	«	PUNCT	_	20 village	punct
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 village	det
20	village	village	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 calls	xcomp
21	»	»	PUNCT	_	20 village	punct
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Danylo						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a	past	Kyiv in 1050	the biggest city		the world			tree rules
3	call	present	the teacher	world					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Who's right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Both, it changed every week

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	4 changed	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Both	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 changed	nsubj
4	changed	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 week	det
6	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 changed	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	past	Both				week		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Both overstate: it was one of Europe's great cities, not the world's biggest

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 overstate	advmod
2	overstate	overstate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 one	punct
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 one	nsubj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 one	cop
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 overstate	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	11 cities	case
8	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 cities	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 Europe	case
10	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 cities	amod
11	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 one	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 biggest	punct
13	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 biggest	advmod
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 world	det
15	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 biggest	nmod:poss
16	's	's	PART	_	15 world	case
17	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	2 overstate	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	overstate speech: other	present							vn overstate-37.12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	is a	past	it	one				of Europe's great cities	tree rules

Option 3

The teacher, it had a few huts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 teacher	det
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 had	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 teacher	punct
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 had	nsubj
5	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 huts	det
7	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 huts	amod
8	huts	hut	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 had	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	the teacher	a few huts					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hut=Patient

Option 4

Danylo, nothing on Earth was bigger, not even Constantinople or any city in China

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 nothing	compound
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Danylo	punct
3	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	7 bigger	nsubj
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 Earth	case
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 nothing	nmod
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 bigger	cop
7	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 Constantinople	punct
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 Constantinople	advmod
10	even	even	ADV	_	11 Constantinople	advmod
11	Constantinople	Constantinople	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 bigger	obl
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 city	cc
13	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	14 city	det
14	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 Constantinople	conj
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 China	case
16	China	China	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 city	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	nothing					Constantinople or any city in China obl; big property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/41-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus/t8/