Exam question 3 · Volodymyr, Yaroslav the Wise and the Mongols

Ascertain the internal factor which contributed to the decline of Kyivan Rus prior to the Mongol invasion.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, internal factor, Kyivan · What happens: ascertain, contribute, decline · To what, where: internal factor, decline

This is exam question 3 of lesson 42 «Volodymyr, Yaroslav the Wise and the Mongols» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 factor	det
3	internal	internal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 factor	amod
4	factor	factor	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 contributed	nsubj
6	contributed	contribute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 factor	acl:relcl
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 decline	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 decline	det
9	decline	decline	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 contributed	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 Kyivan	case
11	Kyivan	Kyivan	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 decline	nmod
12	Rus	Rus	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 Kyivan	flat
13	prior	prior	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 decline	amod
14	to	to	ADP	_	17 invasion	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 invasion	det
16	Mongol	Mongol	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 invasion	compound
17	invasion	invasion	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 prior	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the internal factor		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent factor=Topic
2	contribute	past	the internal factor		the decline of Kyivan	vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to decline=Recipient
3	decline		Kyivan			nom decline «process intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

An excessive quantity of law codes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 quantity	det
2	excessive	excessive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 quantity	amod
3	quantity	quantity	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 codes	case
5	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 codes	compound
6	codes	code	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 quantity	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

The emigration of the populace to Canada

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 emigration	det
2	emigration	emigration	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 populace	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 populace	det
5	populace	populace	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 emigration	nmod
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 Canada	case
7	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 populace	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	emigrate		the populace to Canada						nom emigration «act intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3

The conversion of the princes and their courts to Islam in large numbers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 conversion	det
2	conversion	conversion	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 princes	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 princes	det
5	princes	prince	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 conversion	nmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 courts	cc
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 courts	nmod:poss
8	courts	court	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 princes	conj
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 Islam	case
10	Islam	Islam	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 princes	nmod
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 numbers	case
12	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 numbers	amod
13	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 conversion	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	convert			the princes to Islam and princes's courts		large numbers			nom conversion «event transitive»: of=patient in=place

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Protracted conflict among the princes descended from Yaroslav

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Protracted	protract	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 conflict	amod
2	conflict	conflict	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 descended	nsubj
3	among	among	ADP	_	5 princes	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 princes	det
5	princes	prince	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 conflict	nmod
6	descended	descend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	from	from	ADP	_	8 Yaroslav	case
8	Yaroslav	Yaroslav	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 descended	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	protract	participle							vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent
2	descend	past	Protracted conflict among the princes			Yaroslav			vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from yaroslav=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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