Exam question 4 · Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the battle of Khotyn in sixteen hundred and twenty-one.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, battle · To what, where: response, battle, Khotyn

This is exam question 4 of lesson 43 «Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 battle	det
11	battle	battle	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 Khotyn	case
13	Khotyn	Khotyn	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 battle	nmod
14	in	in	ADV	_	16 hundred	advmod
15	sixteen	sixteen	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 hundred	compound
16	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 concerning	obl
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 one	cc
18	twenty	twenty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 one	compound
19	-	-	PUNCT	_	18 twenty	punct
20	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 hundred	conj
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the battle of Khotyn	sixteen hundred obl	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus battle=Experiencer
4	battle			Khotyn		nom battle «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The Ottoman army captured Krakow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 army	det
2	Ottoman	ottoman	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 army	amod
3	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	captured	capture	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 army	acl
5	Krakow	Krakow	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 captured	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	capture	participle	the Ottoman army not said here	Krakow					vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent krakow=Theme

Option 2

No Cossacks were present

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 Cossacks	det
2	Cossacks	Cossack	PROPN	Number=Plur	4 present	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 present	cop
4	present	present	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	no Cossacks					present property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

A joint Polish-Lithuanian and Cossack force withstood a large Ottoman army

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 Polish	det
2	joint	joint	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 Polish	amod
3	Polish	polish	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 withstood	nsubj
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 Lithuanian	punct
5	Lithuanian	Lithuanian	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Polish	appos
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 force	cc
7	Cossack	Cossack	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 force	compound
8	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 Lithuanian	conj
9	withstood	withstand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 army	det
11	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 army	amod
12	Ottoman	ottoman	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 army	amod
13	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 withstood	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	withstand	past	a joint Polish	a large Ottoman army					tree rules

Option 4

The Cossacks alone defeated the whole of Europe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Cossacks	det
2	Cossacks	cossack	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 defeated	nsubj
3	alone	alone	ADV	_	2 Cossacks	advmod
4	defeated	defeat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 whole	det
6	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 defeated	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 Europe	case
8	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 whole	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	defeat	past	the Cossacks	the whole					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/e4/