Test 1 · Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks

Teacher says «Lithuanian occupation», Danylo says «it was a Ukrainian state». Which is fairest?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Teacher, Danylo · What happens: say, be · To what, where: Lithuanian occupation, Ukrainian state · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 43 «Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Teacher says «Lithuanian occupation», Danylo says «it was a Ukrainian state».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 occupation	punct
4	Lithuanian	lithuanian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 occupation	amod
5	occupation	occupation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	obj
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 occupation	punct
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 says	punct
8	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 says	nsubj
9	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	conj
10	«	«	PUNCT	_	15 state	punct
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 state	nsubj
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 state	cop
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 state	det
14	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 state	amod
15	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 says	ccomp
16	»	»	PUNCT	_	15 state	punct
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Teacher	Lithuanian occupation	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent occupation=Topic
2	say speech: assert	present	Danylo		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	is a in a quote	past	Teacher	a Ukrainian state	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which is fairest?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 fairest	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fairest	cop
3	fairest	fair	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 fairest	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						fair property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The teacher's right, Ruthenian was banned in all the courts, churches and schools of the Duchy

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 teacher	det
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 right	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 teacher	case
4	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 banned	punct
6	Ruthenian	Ruthenian	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 banned	nsubj:pass
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 banned	aux:pass
8	banned	ban	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 right	conj
9	in	in	ADP	_	12 courts	case
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	12 courts	det:predet
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 courts	det
12	courts	court	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 banned	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 churches	punct
14	churches	church	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 courts	conj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 schools	cc
16	schools	school	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 courts	conj
17	of	of	ADP	_	19 Duchy	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 Duchy	det
19	Duchy	Duchy	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 schools	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ban	past · passive		Ruthenian		all courts and churches and schools of the Duchy			vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

A shared state with Lithuanian rulers where Ruthenian culture was very strong

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 state	det
2	shared	share	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 state	amod
3	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 strong	nsubj
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 rulers	case
5	Lithuanian	lithuanian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 rulers	amod
6	rulers	ruler	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 state	nmod
7	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	8 Ruthenian	advmod
8	Ruthenian	ruthenian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 culture	amod
9	culture	culture	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rulers	nmod
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 strong	cop
11	very	very	ADV	_	12 strong	advmod
12	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	share	participle							tree rules
2	is	past	a shared state with Lithuanian rulers Ruthenian culture					strong property	tree rules

Option 3

It was a Mongol state

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 state	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 state	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 state	det
4	Mongol	mongol	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 state	amod
5	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	It	a Mongol state					tree rules

Option 4

Danylo's right, the rulers were Ukrainians

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 rulers	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Danylo	case
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 rulers	amod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 rulers	det
6	rulers	ruler	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 Ukrainians	nsubj
7	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 Ukrainians	cop
8	Ukrainians	Ukrainian	PROPN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Danylo's right rulers	Ukrainians					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/t1/