Exam question 1 · China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the antiquity of Chinese civilisation.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern · To what, where: response, antiquity

This is exam question 1 of lesson 51 «China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 antiquity	det
13	antiquity	antiquity	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 civilisation	case
15	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 civilisation	amod
16	civilisation	civilisation	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 antiquity	nmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the antiquity of Chinese civilisation		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus antiquity=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It ranks among the longest continuous civilisations, although Egyptian statehood is earlier

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 ranks	nsubj
2	ranks	rank	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	among	among	ADP	_	7 civilisations	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 civilisations	det
5	longest	long	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 civilisations	amod
6	continuous	continuous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 civilisations	amod
7	civilisations	civilisation	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 ranks	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 earlier	punct
9	although	although	SCONJ	_	13 earlier	mark
10	Egyptian	Egyptian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 statehood	amod
11	statehood	statehood	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 earlier	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 earlier	cop
13	earlier	early	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 ranks	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rank	present	It					among the longest continuous civilisations	vn masquerade-29.6 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	Egyptian statehood					early property	tree rules

Option 2

It constitutes, beyond dispute, the earliest state upon the Earth, preceding Egypt and Sumer

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 dispute	punct
4	beyond	beyond	ADP	_	5 dispute	case
5	dispute	dispute	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 state	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 state	det
8	earliest	early	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 state	amod
9	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 dispute	appos
10	upon	upon	ADP	_	12 Earth	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Earth	det
12	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 state	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 preceding	punct
14	preceding	precede	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 constitutes	advcl
15	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 preceding	obj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 Sumer	cc
17	Sumer	Sumer	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 Egypt	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	dispute					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme dispute=Pivot
2	precede	gerund		Egypt and Sumer					vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme egypt=Co-Theme

Option 3

Its written records commence five thousand years ago

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 records	nmod:poss
2	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 records	amod
3	records	record	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 commence	nsubj
4	commence	commence	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 thousand	compound
6	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 years	nummod
7	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 ago	obl:unmarked
8	ago	ago	ADV	_	4 commence	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	write	participle			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	commence	present	Its written records	ago property	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
3	record		Its = it		nom record «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

It originated subsequent to the Roman Empire

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 originated	nsubj
2	originated	originate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 originated	xcomp
4	to	to	ADP	_	7 Empire	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Empire	det
6	Roman	Roman	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Empire	compound
7	Empire	Empire	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 originated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	originate	past	It					to the Roman Empire; subsequent property	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/e1/