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Test 1 · China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties

Mei says China is the oldest country, the teacher says Egypt is older. What is the wisest answer?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mei, China, teacher, Egypt, wisest answer · What happens: say, be · To what, where: oldest country · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 51 «China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Mei says China is the oldest country, the teacher says Egypt is older.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mei	Mei	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	China	China	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 country	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 country	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 country	det
6	oldest	old	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 country	amod
7	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	ccomp
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 says	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 teacher	det
10	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 says	nsubj
11	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	conj
12	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 older	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 older	cop
14	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	11 says	ccomp
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Mei						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	China	the oldest country					tree rules
3	say speech: assert	present	the teacher						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4	is	present	Egypt					old property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the wisest answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 answer	det
4	wisest	wise	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 answer	amod
5	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the wisest answer						tree rules

The options

Option 1

Both are wrong; Rome is the oldest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	3 wrong	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 oldest	punct
5	Rome	Rome	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 oldest	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 oldest	cop
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 oldest	det
8	oldest	old	ADJ	Degree=Sup	3 wrong	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Both					wrong property	tree rules
2	is	present	Rome					old property	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

The teacher is completely right and China is a young country, only a few hundred years old

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 teacher	det
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 right	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 right	cop
4	completely	completely	ADV	_	5 right	advmod
5	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 country	cc
7	China	China	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 country	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 country	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 country	det
10	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 country	amod
11	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 right	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 old	punct
13	only	only	ADV	_	16 hundred	advmod
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 hundred	det
15	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 hundred	amod
16	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	17 years	nummod
17	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 old	obl:unmarked
18	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 right	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the teacher					completely, right property	tree rules
2	is a	present	China	a young country					tree rules
3	be		the teacher not said here				year		tree rules

Option 3

Mei is completely right

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mei	Mei	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 right	cop
3	completely	completely	ADV	_	4 right	advmod
4	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Mei					completely, right property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Egypt's state was older; China's civilisation is among the longest continuous

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 state	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Egypt	case
3	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 older	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 older	cop
5	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 continuous	punct
7	China	China	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 civilisation	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 China	case
9	civilisation	civilisation	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 continuous	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 continuous	cop
11	among	among	ADP	_	14 continuous	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 continuous	det
13	longest	long	ADJ	Degree=Sup	14 continuous	amod
14	continuous	continuous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 older	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Egypt's state					old property	tree rules
2	is	present	China's civilisation					continuous property	tree rules
3	civilise		China						nom civilisation «process transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/t1/