Exam question 2 · China: the Song and the Mongols

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the foundation of the Yuan dynasty.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, foundation

This is exam question 2 of lesson 55 «China: the Song and the Mongols» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 foundation	det
11	foundation	foundation	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	15 dynasty	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 dynasty	det
14	Yuan	Yuan	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 dynasty	compound
15	dynasty	dynasty	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 foundation	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the foundation of the Yuan dynasty		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus foundation=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It was founded by Zhu Yuanzhang in 1368

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 founded	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 founded	aux:pass
3	founded	found	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 Zhu	case
5	Zhu	Zhu	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 founded	obl:agent
6	Yuanzhang	Yuanzhang	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Zhu	flat
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 1368	case
8	1368	1368	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 founded	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	found	past · passive	Zhu	It		1368			vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 2

It was proclaimed by Qin Shi Huang in 221 BC

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 proclaimed	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 proclaimed	aux:pass
3	proclaimed	proclaim	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 Qin	case
5	Qin	Qin	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 proclaimed	obl:agent
6	Shi	Shi	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Qin	flat
7	Huang	Huang	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Qin	flat
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 221	case
9	221	221	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 proclaimed	obl
10	BC	BC	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 221	nmod:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	proclaim	past · passive	Qin	It		221 BC			vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 3

It was founded by the Manchus in 1644

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 founded	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 founded	aux:pass
3	founded	found	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 Manchus	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Manchus	det
6	Manchus	Manchu	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 founded	obl:agent
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 1644	case
8	1644	1644	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 founded	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	found	past · passive	the Manchus	It		1644			vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It was established by Kublai Khan upon completion of the conquest of the Song in 1279

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 established	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 established	aux:pass
3	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 Kublai	case
5	Kublai	Kublai	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 established	obl
6	Khan	Khan	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Kublai	flat
7	upon	upon	ADP	_	8 completion	case
8	completion	completion	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 established	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 conquest	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 conquest	det
11	conquest	conquest	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 completion	nmod
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 Song	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Song	det
14	Song	Song	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 conquest	nmod
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 1279	case
16	1279	1279	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 established	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	establish	past · passive	Kublai	It		1279		upon completion of the conquest of the Song	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
2	complete			the conquest of the Song					nom completion «act transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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