Test 4 · China: the Ming and Zheng He's voyages

What evidence would historians need to prove a Ming voyage to America?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: historians, evidence · What happens: need, prove · To what, where: evidence, Ming voyage

This is test 4 of lesson 56 «China: the Ming and Zheng He's voyages» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 need	aux
4	historians	historian	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 need	nsubj
5	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 evidence	acl:relcl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 prove	mark
7	prove	prove	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 need	xcomp
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 voyage	det
9	Ming	Ming	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 voyage	compound
10	voyage	voyage	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 prove	obj
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 America	case
12	America	America	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 voyage	nmod
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	would	historians	evidence not said here					tree rules
2	prove not said to happen	to-infinitive	evidence not said here	a Ming voyage				to America	vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voyage=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

A strong feeling that it must be true, shared by many readers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 feeling	det
2	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 feeling	amod
3	feeling	feeling	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 true	nsubj
4	that	that	ADP	_	5 it	case
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 feeling	nmod
6	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 true	aux
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 true	cop
8	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 shared	punct
10	shared	share	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	8 true	conj
11	by	by	ADP	_	13 readers	case
12	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 readers	amod
13	readers	reader	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 shared	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	must	a strong feeling that it					true property	tree rules
2	share	participle	a strong feeling that it not said here					by many readers	tree rules

Option 2

A film

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 film	det
2	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

A popular book

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 book	det
2	popular	popular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 book	amod
3	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Records, maps or remains found by archaeologists

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Records	record	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 found	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 maps	punct
3	maps	map	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Records	conj
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 remains	cc
5	remains	remains	NOUN	Number=Ptan	1 Records	conj
6	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 archaeologists	case
8	archaeologists	archaeologist	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 found	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	participle	Records and maps or remains					by archaeologists	vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/56-china-the-ming-and-zheng-he-s-voyages/t4/