Exam question 2 · China: the Qing and the Opium Wars

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the founders of the Qing dynasty.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, founders

This is exam question 2 of lesson 57 «China: the Qing and the Opium Wars» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 founders	det
11	founders	founder	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	15 dynasty	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 dynasty	det
14	Qing	Qing	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 dynasty	compound
15	dynasty	dynasty	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 founders	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the founders of the Qing dynasty		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus founder=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

British merchants who governed from Canton

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	British	British	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 merchants	amod
2	merchants	merchant	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 governed	nsubj
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 governed	nsubj
4	governed	govern	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 Canton	case
6	Canton	Canton	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 governed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	govern	past	British merchants			Canton			vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Manchus who ruled through Chinese institutions while keeping Manchu customs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Manchus	manchu	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
2	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 ruled	nsubj
3	ruled	rule	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Manchus	acl:relcl
4	through	through	ADP	_	6 institutions	case
5	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 institutions	amod
6	institutions	institution	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 ruled	obl
7	while	while	SCONJ	_	8 keeping	mark
8	keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 ruled	advcl
9	Manchu	Manchu	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 customs	compound
10	customs	custom	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 keeping	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rule	past	Manchus			Chinese institutions			vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	keep	gerund	Manchus not said here	Manchu customs					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent custom=Theme

Option 3

Ming admirals returned from Africa

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ming	Ming	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 admirals	compound
2	admirals	admiral	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 returned	nsubj
3	returned	return	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 Africa	case
5	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 returned	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	return	past	Ming admirals			Africa			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from africa=Initial_Location

Option 4

Mongols who abolished every Chinese institution

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mongols	Mongol	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 abolished	nsubj
2	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 abolished	nsubj
3	abolished	abolish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 institution	det
5	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 institution	amod
6	institution	institution	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 abolished	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	abolish	past	Mongols	every Chinese institution					vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent institution=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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