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Test 3 · ★ · China: 1911, 1949 and Mao

Mei says only the Communists fought Japan. What would a fair historian answer?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Mei, Communists · What happens: say, fight · To what, where: Japan · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 58 «China: 1911, 1949 and Mao» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Mei says only the Communists fought Japan.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mei	Mei	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 Communists	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Communists	det
5	Communists	Communist	PROPN	Number=Plur	6 fought	nsubj
6	fought	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 says	ccomp
7	Japan	Japan	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 fought	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Mei						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	fight	past	the Communists	Japan					vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent japan=Co-Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would a fair historian answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	1 What	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 answer	det
4	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 answer	amod
5	historian	historian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 answer	amod
6	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Both fought; the Nationalists fought most big battles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 fought	nsubj
2	fought	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	;	;	PUNCT	_	6 fought	punct
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Nationalists	det
5	Nationalists	Nationalist	PROPN	Number=Plur	6 fought	nsubj
6	fought	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 fought	conj
7	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 battles	amod
8	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 battles	amod
9	battles	battle	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 fought	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fight	past	Both						vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	fight	past	the Nationalists	most big battles					vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Co-Agent

Option 2

Only the Americans fought, with ships and planes in the Pacific

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	4 fought	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Americans	det
3	Americans	American	PROPN	Number=Plur	4 fought	nsubj
4	fought	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 ships	punct
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 ships	case
7	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 fought	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 planes	cc
9	planes	plane	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 ships	conj
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 Pacific	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Pacific	det
12	Pacific	Pacific	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 fought	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fight	past	the Americans			the Pacific		with ships and planes	vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with ship=Co-Agent

Option 3

Correct, nobody else fought

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Correct	correct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 nobody	amod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Correct	punct
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 fought	nsubj
4	else	else	ADV	_	3 nobody	advmod
5	fought	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fight	past	nobody						vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Nobody fought Japan

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 fought	nsubj
2	fought	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Japan	Japan	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 fought	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fight	past	Nobody	Japan					vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent japan=Co-Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/58-china-1911-1949-and-mao/t3/