Test 10 · How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline

Danylo's cousin: «history only goes up, every age is better, facts». Cap?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cousin, age · What happens: go up, be

This is test 10 of lesson 61 «How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Danylo's cousin: «history only goes up, every age is better, facts».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 cousin	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Danylo	case
3	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 goes	nsubj
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 history	punct
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 history	punct
6	history	history	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 goes	nsubj
7	only	only	ADV	_	8 goes	advmod
8	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	up	up	ADP	_	8 goes	compound:prt
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 better	punct
11	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	12 age	det
12	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 better	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 better	cop
14	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 goes	parataxis
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 facts	punct
16	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 better	obl
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 better	punct
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 goes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go up in a quote	present	Danylo's cousin						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
2	is in a quote	present	every age					facts obl; good property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Cap?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Cap	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

No cap, every single age is always better than the one before

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 cap	det
2	cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 better	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 age	punct
4	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 age	det
5	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 age	amod
6	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cap	conj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 better	cop
8	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	9 better	advmod
9	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
10	than	than	ADP	_	12 one	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 one	det
12	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 better	obl
13	before	before	ADV	_	9 better	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	no cap and every single age					than the one; always, before, good property	tree rules

Option 2

Cap; every age is always worse than the one that came before

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	7 worse	punct
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	4 age	det
4	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 worse	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 worse	cop
6	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	7 worse	advmod
7	worse	bad	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	1 Cap	acl:relcl
8	than	than	ADP	_	10 one	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 one	det
10	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 worse	obl
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 came	nsubj
12	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 one	acl:relcl
13	before	before	ADV	_	12 came	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	every age	Cap not said here				than the one; always, bad property	tree rules
2	come	past	the one					before property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

No cap, nothing ever really changes from one age to another

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 cap	det
2	cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 changes	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 nothing	punct
4	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	7 changes	nsubj
5	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	6 really	advmod
6	really	really	ADV	_	7 changes	advmod
7	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 age	case
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 age	nummod
10	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 changes	obl
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 another	case
12	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	7 changes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	no cap				from one age	to another result	vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.material PP.result»: agent=Agent from age=Initial_State to another=Result

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Cap; progress can go backwards in some places for a while

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 progress	compound
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	1 Cap	punct
3	progress	progress	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 go	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 go	aux
5	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	backwards	backwards	ADV	_	5 go	advmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 places	case
8	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	9 places	det
9	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 go	obl
10	for	for	ADP	_	12 while	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 while	det
12	while	while	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 go	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	can	Cap progress			some places	while	backwards property	vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in place=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/61-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline/t10/