Exam question 3 · Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust ea…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the earliest known coinage?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, know · To what, where: earliest known coinage

This is exam question 3 of lesson 63 «Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 coinage	det
10	earliest	early	ADJ	Degree=Sup	12 coinage	amod
11	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 coinage	amod
12	coinage	coinage	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the earliest known coinage	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	know	participle			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It consisted of plastic cards in Mesopotamia

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consisted	nsubj
2	consisted	consist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 cards	case
4	plastic	plastic	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cards	compound
5	cards	card	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 consisted	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 Mesopotamia	case
7	Mesopotamia	Mesopotamia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 consisted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consist	past	It			Mesopotamia		of plastic cards	tree rules

Option 2

It was minted in France during the seventeen-nineties

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 minted	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 minted	aux:pass
3	minted	mint	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 France	case
5	France	France	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 minted	obl
6	during	during	ADP	_	10 nineties	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 nineties	det
8	seventeen	seventeen	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 nineties	nummod
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 seventeen	punct
10	nineties	ninety	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 minted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mint	past · passive		It		France	during the seventeen nineties		tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It was minted in Lydia circa six hundred BCE

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 minted	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 minted	aux:pass
3	minted	mint	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 Lydia	case
5	Lydia	Lydia	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 minted	obl
6	circa	circa	ADV	_	8 hundred	advmod
7	six	six	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 hundred	compound
8	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 minted	obl
9	BCE	BCE	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 hundred	nmod:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mint	past · passive		It		Lydia		six hundred BCE obl	tree rules

Option 4

It was printed on paper in Rome

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 printed	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 printed	aux:pass
3	printed	print	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 paper	case
5	paper	paper	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 printed	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 Rome	case
7	Rome	Rome	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 printed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	print	past · passive		It		paper		in Rome	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on paper=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/e3/