Exam question 2 · From band to nation: families, tribes, kingdoms, empires a…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the policy of the Persian kings towards subject peoples.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, policy

This is exam question 2 of lesson 66 «From band to nation: families, tribes, kingdoms, empires and countries» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 policy	det
11	policy	policy	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	15 kings	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 kings	det
14	Persian	persian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 kings	amod
15	kings	king	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 policy	nmod
16	towards	towards	ADP	_	18 peoples	case
17	subject	subject	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 peoples	amod
18	peoples	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 kings	nmod
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the policy of the Persian kings towards subject peoples		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus policy=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Subject peoples were exempted from all obligations, including tribute

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Subject	subject	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 peoples	compound
2	peoples	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 exempted	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 exempted	aux:pass
4	exempted	exempt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 obligations	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 obligations	det
7	obligations	obligation	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 exempted	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 tribute	punct
9	including	including	ADP	_	10 tribute	case
10	tribute	tribute	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 exempted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exempt	past · passive		Subject peoples		all obligations		including tribute	tree rules

Option 2

Subject peoples were obliged to abandon their religions and to worship the gods of Persia

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Subject	subject	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 peoples	compound
2	peoples	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 obliged	nsubj:pass
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 obliged	aux:pass
4	obliged	oblige	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 abandon	mark
6	abandon	abandon	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 obliged	xcomp
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 religions	nmod:poss
8	religions	religion	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 abandon	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 worship	cc
10	to	to	PART	_	11 worship	mark
11	worship	worship	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 abandon	conj
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 gods	det
13	gods	god	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 worship	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 Persia	case
15	Persia	Persia	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 gods	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	oblige	past · passive	Subject peoples	vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result
2	abandon	to-infinitive	peoples's religions	vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme religion=Source
3	worship	to-infinitive	the gods of Persia	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer god=Stimulus

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Subject peoples were frequently permitted to retain their religions upon payment of tribute

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Subject	subject	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 peoples	compound
2	peoples	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 permitted	nsubj:pass
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 permitted	aux:pass
4	frequently	frequently	ADV	_	5 permitted	advmod
5	permitted	permit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 retain	mark
7	retain	retain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 permitted	xcomp
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 religions	nmod:poss
9	religions	religion	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 retain	obj
10	upon	upon	ADP	_	11 payment	case
11	payment	payment	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 retain	obl
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 tribute	case
13	tribute	tribute	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 payment	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	permit	past · passive	Subject peoples	frequently property	vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality
2	retain not said to happen	to-infinitive	peoples's religions	upon payment of tribute	tree rules
3	pay		tribute		nom payment «possession transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

Subject peoples were relocated in their entirety to Europe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Subject	subject	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 peoples	compound
2	peoples	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 relocated	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 relocated	aux:pass
4	relocated	relocate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 entirety	case
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 entirety	nmod:poss
7	entirety	entirety	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 relocated	obl
8	to	to	ADP	_	9 Europe	case
9	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 entirety	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	relocate	past · passive		Subject peoples		peoples's entirety to Europe			tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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