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Test 6 · ★ · From band to nation: families, tribes, kingdoms, empires a…

Giulia's nonna says Italy is younger than her cathedral. How?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: nonna, Italy · What happens: say, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 66 «From band to nation: families, tribes, kingdoms, empires and countries» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Giulia's nonna says Italy is younger than her cathedral.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Giulia	Giulia	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 nonna	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Giulia	case
3	nonna	nonna	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	Italy	Italy	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 younger	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 younger	cop
7	younger	young	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 says	ccomp
8	than	than	ADP	_	10 cathedral	case
9	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 cathedral	nmod:poss
10	cathedral	cathedral	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 younger	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Giulia's nonna						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	Italy					than Italy's cathedral; young property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 How	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1

Italy is 5,000 years old, so nonna is wrong

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Italy	Italy	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 old	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 old	cop
3	5,000	5000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 years	nummod
4	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 old	obl:unmarked
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 wrong	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	10 wrong	advmod
8	nonna	nonna	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 wrong	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 wrong	cop
10	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 old	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Italy				year	old property	tree rules
2	is	present	nonna					wrong property	tree rules

Option 2

Cathedrals in Italy were all built last year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cathedrals	cathedral	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 built	nsubj:pass
2	in	in	ADP	_	3 Italy	case
3	Italy	Italy	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Cathedrals	nmod
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 built	aux:pass
5	all	all	ADV	_	6 built	advmod
6	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 year	amod
8	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 built	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	past · passive		Cathedrals in Italy			year	all property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 3

Nonna is just joking; Italy is older than any building

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nonna	Nonna	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 joking	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 joking	aux
3	just	just	ADV	_	4 joking	advmod
4	joking	joke	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 older	punct
6	Italy	Italy	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 older	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 older	cop
8	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 joking	parataxis
9	than	than	ADP	_	11 building	case
10	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	11 building	det
11	building	building	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 older	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	joke speech: other	present · progressive	Nonna						vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	Italy					than any building; old property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Italy became one country in 1861; the cathedral is older

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Italy	Italy	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 became	nsubj
2	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 country	nummod
4	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 became	xcomp
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 1861	case
6	1861	1861	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 became	obl
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 older	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 cathedral	det
9	cathedral	cathedral	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 older	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 older	cop
11	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 became	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	past	Italy	one country				in 1861 result	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 1861=Result
2	is	present	the cathedral					old property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/66-from-band-to-nation-families-tribes-kingdoms-empires-and-countries/t6/