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Test 3 · ★★ · Who decides: kings, councils, republics and democracies

Freyja: «we had a parliament in 930, pretty boss eh?» Is democracy one invention from one place?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Freyja · What happens: have, be · To what, where: parliament, 930, democracy

This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 67 «Who decides: kings, councils, republics and democracies» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Freyja: «we had a parliament in 930, pretty boss eh?»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Freyja	freyja	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 had	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Freyja	punct
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 had	punct
4	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 had	nsubj
5	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 parliament	det
7	parliament	parliament	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 had	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 930	case
9	930	930	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 had	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 eh	punct
11	pretty	pretty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 eh	amod
12	boss	boss	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 eh	compound
13	eh	eh	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 had	obj
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	13 eh	punct
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	13 eh	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have in a quote	past	Freyja	a parliament		930			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is democracy one invention from one place?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 democracy	cop
2	democracy	democracy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 invention	csubj
3	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 invention	nummod
4	invention	invention	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 place	case
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 place	nummod
7	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 invention	nmod
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 invention	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		democracy					tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, many peoples had councils and assemblies

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 had	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 had	punct
3	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 peoples	amod
4	peoples	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 had	nsubj
5	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	councils	council	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 had	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 assemblies	cc
8	assemblies	assembly	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 councils	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	many peoples	councils and assemblies					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent council=Patient

Option 2

Yes, it came from ancient Rome alone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 came	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 came	nsubj
4	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 Rome	case
6	ancient	ancient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 Rome	amod
7	Rome	Rome	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 came	obl
8	alone	alone	ADV	_	4 came	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	it			ancient Rome		alone property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from rome=Initial_Location

Option 3

Yes, only Iceland invented it and all others copied

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 invented	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 Iceland	advmod
4	Iceland	Iceland	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 invented	nsubj
5	invented	invent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 invented	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 others	cc
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	9 others	det
9	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 invented	conj
10	copied	copy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 others	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	invent	past	Iceland	it					vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result
2	copy	participle		all others not said here					vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

No, it was only invented in 1990

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 invented	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 invented	nsubj:pass
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 invented	aux:pass
5	only	only	ADV	_	6 invented	advmod
6	invented	invent	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 1990	case
8	1990	1990	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 invented	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	invent	past · passive		it		1990			vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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