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Test 1 · Trade: why people swap, and the great trade routes

Leo asks how obsidian got hundreds of km before cars. What does it show?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Leo, obsidian · What happens: ask, get, show · To what, where: hundreds · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 70 «Trade: why people swap, and the great trade routes» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Leo asks how obsidian got hundreds of km before cars.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 asks	nsubj
2	asks	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	5 got	advmod
4	obsidian	obsidian	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 got	nsubj
5	got	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 asks	ccomp
6	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 got	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 km	case
8	km	km	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hundreds	nmod
9	before	before	ADP	_	10 cars	case
10	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 got	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 asks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	present	Leo						vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	get	past	obsidian	hundreds of km			before cars		vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hundred=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does it show?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 show	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 show	aux
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 show	nsubj
4	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 show	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present · do-support	obsidian						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The Romans drove it there in carts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Romans	det
2	Romans	Roman	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 drove	nsubj
3	drove	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 drove	obj
5	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 drove	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 carts	case
7	carts	cart	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 drove	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drive	past	the Romans	it		carts; there			vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in cart=Destination

Option 2

It was made in a factory just nearby

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 made	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 made	aux:pass
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 factory	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 factory	det
6	factory	factory	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl
7	just	just	ADV	_	8 nearby	advmod
8	nearby	nearby	ADV	_	3 made	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past · passive		It		a factory		nearby property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 3

It flew there all by itself in the wind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 flew	nsubj
2	flew	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 flew	advmod
4	all	all	ADV	_	6 itself	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 itself	case
6	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 flew	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 wind	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 wind	det
9	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 flew	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	past	It			the wind; there		by itself = it	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by itself=Location

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

People traded long before cities

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 traded	nsubj
2	traded	trade	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 traded	advmod
4	before	before	ADP	_	5 cities	case
5	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 traded	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	trade	past	People				before cities	long property	vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/70-trade-why-people-swap-and-the-great-trade-routes/t1/