Test 1 · ★ · What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music… Wiremu: "My nan went to kōhanga reo, a language nest. Te reo Māori was nearly lost, chur." ("Chur" means cheers, yeah, in NZ slang.) What does this show?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Wiremu, Chur, this · What happens: go, lose, mean, show · To what, where: kōhanga reo, Māori, cheers
This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 77 «What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music and knowledge» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Wiremu: "My nan went to kōhanga reo, a language nest.
nsubj punct punct nmod:poss nsubj case compound obl punct det compound conj punct root Wiremu PROPN : PUNCT " PUNCT My PRON nan NOUN went VERB to ADP kōhanga X reo NOUN , PUNCT a DET language NOUN nest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wiremu Wiremu PROPN Number=Sing 6 went nsubj 2 : : PUNCT _ 6 went punct 3 " " PUNCT _ 6 went punct 4 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 nan nmod:poss 5 nan nan NOUN Number=Sing 6 went nsubj 6 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to ADP _ 9 reo case 8 kōhanga kōhanga X _ 9 reo compound 9 reo reo NOUN Number=Sing 6 went obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 nest punct 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 nest det 12 language language NOUN Number=Sing 13 nest compound 13 nest nest NOUN Number=Sing 9 reo conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go in a quote past Wiremu kōhanga reo and a language nest vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to reo=Initial_Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Te reo Māori was nearly lost, chur."
goeswith nsubj aux:pass advmod acl:relcl punct conj punct punct root Te X reo X Māori PROPN was AUX nearly ADV lost VERB , PUNCT chur NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Te te X _ root root 2 reo reo X Foreign=Yes 1 Te goeswith 3 Māori Māori PROPN Number=Sing 6 lost nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 lost aux:pass 5 nearly nearly ADV _ 6 lost advmod 6 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Te acl:relcl 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 chur punct 8 chur chur NOUN Number=Sing 1 Te conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Te punct 10 " " PUNCT _ 1 Te punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose past · passive Māori nearly property vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
Sentence 3: ("Chur" means cheers, yeah, in NZ slang.)
punct punct nsubj punct obj punct discourse punct case compound appos punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT Chur PROPN " PUNCT means VERB cheers NOUN , PUNCT yeah INTJ , PUNCT in ADP NZ PROPN slang NOUN . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 means punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 3 Chur punct 3 Chur Chur PROPN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 Chur punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 cheers cheer NOUN Number=Plur 5 means obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 12 slang punct 8 yeah yeah INTJ _ 12 slang discourse 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 slang punct 10 in in ADP _ 12 slang case 11 NZ NZ PROPN Number=Sing 12 slang compound 12 slang slang NOUN Number=Sing 6 cheers appos 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct 14 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Chur cheers vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cheer=Topic
Sentence 4: What does this show?
obj aux nsubj punct root What PRON does AUX this PRON show VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 4 show obj 2 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 show aux 3 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 4 show nsubj 4 show show VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 show punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present · do-support this vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer A language that nearly died can come back
det nsubj nsubj advmod acl:relcl aux advmod root A DET language NOUN that PRON nearly ADV died VERB can AUX come VERB back ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 language det 2 language language NOUN Number=Sing 7 come nsubj 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 5 died nsubj 4 nearly nearly ADV _ 5 died advmod 5 died die VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 language acl:relcl 6 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 come aux 7 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 back back ADV _ 7 come advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 die past a language nearly property vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute 2 come back can a language vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Option 2 Māori was never in any danger at all
nsubj cop advmod case det case nmod root Māori PROPN was AUX never ADV in ADP any DET danger NOUN at ADP all DET The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Māori Māori PROPN Number=Sing 6 danger nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 danger cop 3 never never ADV PronType=Neg 6 danger advmod 4 in in ADP _ 6 danger case 5 any any DET PronType=Ind 6 danger det 6 danger danger NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 at at ADP _ 8 all case 8 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 danger nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is past Māori any danger at all tree rules
Option 3 Lost languages can never return once they start to fade
amod nsubj aux advmod mark nsubj advcl mark xcomp root Lost VERB languages NOUN can AUX never ADV return VERB once SCONJ they PRON start VERB to PART fade VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 languages amod 2 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 5 return nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 return aux 4 never never ADV PronType=Neg 5 return advmod 5 return return VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 once once SCONJ _ 8 start mark 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 start nsubj 8 start start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 return advcl 9 to to PART _ 10 fade mark 10 fade fade VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 start xcomp
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose participle vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 not return can Lost languages vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 start present languages = language vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 4 fade to-infinitive languages = language not said here vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Option 4 Language nests are for birds only, chur
compound nsubj cop case advmod punct conj root Language NOUN nests NOUN are AUX for ADP birds NOUN only ADV , PUNCT chur NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Language language NOUN Number=Sing 2 nests compound 2 nests nest NOUN Number=Plur 5 birds nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 birds cop 4 for for ADP _ 5 birds case 5 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 only only ADV _ 5 birds advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 chur punct 8 chur chur NOUN Number=Sing 5 birds conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Language nests for birds and chur tree rules
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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