Test 2 · ★★ · Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, stea…
Toad sits in the road murmuring «Poop-poop!». Where did that sound come from on real early cars?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Toad, sound · What happens: sit, murmur, be, come · To what, where: road, Poop poop, real early cars
This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 83 «Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, steam trains, wash day and gold sovereigns» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Toad sits in the road murmuring «Poop-poop!».
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 sits | nsubj |
| 2 | sits | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 road | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 road | det |
| 5 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sits | obl |
| 6 | murmuring | murmur | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 sits | advcl |
| 7 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 10 poop | punct |
| 8 | Poop | poop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 poop | compound |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 Poop | punct |
| 10 | poop | poop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 murmuring | obj |
| 11 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 10 poop | punct |
| 12 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 10 poop | punct |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 sits | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit | present | Toad | the road | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in road=Location | ||||
| 2 | murmur speech: other | gerund | Toad not said here | Poop poop | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poop=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Where did that sound come from on real early cars?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 5 come | advmod |
| 2 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 1 Where | cop |
| 3 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 sound | det |
| 4 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Where | nsubj |
| 5 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 come | obl |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 cars | case |
| 8 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 cars | amod |
| 9 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 cars | amod |
| 10 | cars | car | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 come | obl |
| 11 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 come | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | that sound | where property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | come | present | real early cars | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on car=Location |
The options
Option 1
A bell fixed on the front bumper
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 bell | det |
| 2 | bell | bell | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | fixed | fix | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 bell | acl |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 bumper | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 bumper | det |
| 6 | front | front | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 bumper | amod |
| 7 | bumper | bumper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fixed | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fix | participle | a bell not said here | the front bumper | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
Option 2
The engine coughing loudly every time it started
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 engine | det |
| 2 | engine | engine | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | coughing | cough | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 engine | acl |
| 4 | loudly | loudly | ADV | _ | 3 coughing | advmod |
| 5 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 time | det |
| 6 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 coughing | obl:unmarked |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 started | nsubj |
| 8 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 time | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cough | gerund | the engine not said here | time | loudly property | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | start | past | engine | every time not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent time=Eventuality |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Squeezing the rubber bulb of the horn
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Squeezing | squeeze | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 bulb | det |
| 3 | rubber | rubber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 bulb | compound |
| 4 | bulb | bulb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Squeezing | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 horn | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 horn | det |
| 7 | horn | horn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 bulb | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | squeeze | gerund | the rubber bulb of the horn | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bulb=Theme |
Option 4
The driver shouting through a long speaking tube
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 driver | det |
| 2 | driver | driver | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | shouting | shout | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 driver | acl |
| 4 | through | through | ADP | _ | 8 tube | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 tube | det |
| 6 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 tube | amod |
| 7 | speaking | speaking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 tube | compound |
| 8 | tube | tube | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 shouting | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shout speech: express | gerund | the driver not said here | a long speaking tube | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns/t2/