Test 4 · ★★ · Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, stea…

At the booking office Toad reaches for his waistcoat pocket and finds nothing. Why?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Toad · What happens: reach, find · To what, where: booking office, nothing

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 83 «Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, steam trains, wash day and gold sovereigns» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: At the booking office Toad reaches for his waistcoat pocket and finds nothing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	At	at	ADP	_	4 office	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 office	det
3	booking	booking	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 office	compound
4	office	office	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 reaches	obl
5	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 reaches	nsubj
6	reaches	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	for	for	ADP	_	10 pocket	case
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 pocket	nmod:poss
9	waistcoat	waistcoat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 pocket	compound
10	pocket	pocket	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 reaches	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 finds	cc
12	finds	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 reaches	conj
13	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	12 finds	obj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 reaches	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reach	present	Toad			the booking office		for Toad's waistcoat pocket	vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	find	present	Toad not said here	nothing					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Washerwomen were not allowed by law to carry any money at all on trains

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Washerwomen	washerwoman	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 allowed	nsubj:pass
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 allowed	aux:pass
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 allowed	advmod
4	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 law	case
6	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 allowed	obl
7	to	to	PART	_	8 carry	mark
8	carry	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 allowed	xcomp
9	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	10 money	det
10	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 carry	obj
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 all	case
12	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 carry	obl
13	on	on	ADP	_	14 trains	case
14	trains	train	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 carry	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not allow	past · passive	law	Washerwomen					vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality
2	carry not said to happen	to-infinitive	Washerwomen not said here	any money		all		on trains	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme

Option 2

A railway porter had picked his pocket while he slept on the bench

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 porter	det
2	railway	railway	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 porter	compound
3	porter	porter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 picked	nsubj:pass
4	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 picked	aux
5	picked	pick	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 pocket	nmod:poss
7	pocket	pocket	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 picked	obj
8	while	while	SCONJ	_	10 slept	mark
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 slept	nsubj
10	slept	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 picked	advcl
11	on	on	ADP	_	13 bench	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 bench	det
13	bench	bench	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 slept	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pick	past · perfect · passive		a railway porter					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary pocket=Theme
2	sleep	past	he			the bench			vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

He had left his coat and money in the cell, and the cotton gown had no pocket

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 left	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 left	aux
3	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 coat	nmod:poss
5	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 left	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 money	cc
7	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 coat	conj
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 cell	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 cell	det
10	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 left	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 had	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 had	cc
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 gown	det
14	cotton	cotton	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 gown	compound
15	gown	gown	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 had	nsubj
16	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 left	parataxis
17	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	18 pocket	det
18	pocket	pocket	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 had	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	past · perfect	He	his coat and money		the cell			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent coat=Theme in cell=Location
2	have	past	the cotton gown	no pocket					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pocket=Patient

Option 4

His coins had fallen out through a hole in his waistcoat pocket

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 coins	nmod:poss
2	coins	coin	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 fallen	nsubj
3	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 fallen	aux
4	fallen	fall	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	out	out	ADP	_	4 fallen	compound:prt
6	through	through	ADP	_	8 hole	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 hole	det
8	hole	hole	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fallen	obl
9	in	in	ADP	_	12 pocket	case
10	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 pocket	nmod:poss
11	waistcoat	waistcoat	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 pocket	compound
12	pocket	pocket	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hole	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall out	past · perfect	His coins			a hole in his waistcoat pocket			vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through hole=Location
2	coin		His = he						nom coin «possession transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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