Test 2 · Ancient China: dynasties, the First Emperor and the Great…
A tour guide says the whole Great Wall was built by one emperor. What is closer to the truth?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: tour guide, one emperor · What happens: say, build, be · To what, where: whole Great Wall · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 2 of lesson 9 «Ancient China: dynasties, the First Emperor and the Great Wall» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A tour guide says the whole Great Wall was built by one emperor.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 guide | det |
| 2 | tour | tour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 guide | compound |
| 3 | guide | guide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 says | nsubj |
| 4 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Wall | det |
| 6 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 Wall | amod |
| 7 | Great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 Wall | amod |
| 8 | Wall | Wall | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 built | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 built | aux:pass |
| 10 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 says | ccomp |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 13 emperor | case |
| 12 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 emperor | nummod |
| 13 | emperor | emperor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 built | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | a tour guide | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | build | past · passive | one emperor | the whole Great Wall | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is closer to the truth?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 closer | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 closer | cop |
| 3 | closer | close | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 truth | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 truth | det |
| 6 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 closer | obl |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 closer | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | to the truth; close property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
The Romans built most of it to help China
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Romans | det |
| 2 | Romans | Roman | PROPN | Number=Plur | 3 built | nsubj |
| 3 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 3 built | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 it | case |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 most | nmod |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 help | mark |
| 8 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 built | advcl |
| 9 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 help | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | build | past | the Romans | most of it | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Product | ||||
| 2 | help | to-infinitive | the Romans not said here | China | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent china=Beneficiary |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Many walls were built over 2,000 years by many dynasties
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 walls | amod |
| 2 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 built | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 built | aux:pass |
| 4 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | over | over | ADV | _ | 6 2,000 | advmod |
| 6 | 2,000 | 2000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 years | nummod |
| 7 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 built | obl:unmarked |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 dynasties | case |
| 9 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 dynasties | amod |
| 10 | dynasties | dynasty | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 built | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | build | past · passive | many dynasties | Many walls | year | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |
Option 3
It was only built in the 1900s for tourists
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 built | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 built | aux:pass |
| 3 | only | only | ADV | _ | 4 built | advmod |
| 4 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 1900s | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 1900s | det |
| 7 | 1900s | 1900 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 4 built | obl |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 tourists | case |
| 9 | tourists | tourist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 built | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | build | past · passive | It | the 1900s | for tourists | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Material for tourist=Beneficiary |
Option 4
One emperor built the whole wall in a single year
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 emperor | nummod |
| 2 | emperor | emperor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 built | nsubj |
| 3 | built | build | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 wall | det |
| 5 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 wall | amod |
| 6 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 built | obj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 year | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 year | det |
| 9 | single | single | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 year | amod |
| 10 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 built | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | build | past | One emperor | the whole wall | year | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wall=Product |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/9-ancient-china-dynasties-the-first-emperor-and-the-great-wall/t2/