Test 2 · ★★ · Grammar puzzles, part one A Gen Alpha kid says "'The old man the boat' is giving broken English, it's mid." ("Mid" means not good.) Is it broken?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: Gen kid, old man, Mid · What happens: say, give, break, mean · To what, where: broken English, boat · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 11 «Grammar puzzles, part one» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: A Gen Alpha kid says "'The old man the boat' is giving broken English, it's mid."
det compound flat nsubj punct punct det amod nsubj det appos punct aux ccomp amod iobj punct nsubj cop ccomp punct punct root A DET Gen PROPN Alpha PROPN kid NOUN says VERB " PUNCT ' PUNCT The DET old ADJ man NOUN the DET boat NOUN ' PUNCT is AUX giving VERB broken VERB English PROPN , PUNCT it PRON 's AUX mid X . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 kid det 2 Gen Gen PROPN Number=Sing 4 kid compound 3 Alpha Alpha PROPN Number=Sing 2 Gen flat 4 kid kid NOUN Number=Sing 5 says nsubj 5 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 " " PUNCT _ 10 man punct 7 ' ' PUNCT _ 10 man punct 8 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 man det 9 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 10 man amod 10 man man NOUN Number=Sing 15 giving nsubj 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 boat det 12 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 10 man appos 13 ' ' PUNCT _ 10 man punct 14 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 giving aux 15 giving give VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 says ccomp 16 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 17 English amod 17 English English PROPN Number=Sing 15 giving iobj 18 , , PUNCT _ 21 mid punct 19 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 21 mid nsubj 20 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 21 mid cop 21 mid mid X _ 5 says ccomp 22 . . PUNCT _ 21 mid punct 23 " " PUNCT _ 21 mid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present a Gen kid vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 give in a quote present · progressive the old man broken English vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent english=Theme 3 break in a quote participle vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: ("Mid" means not good.)
punct punct nsubj punct advmod xcomp punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT Mid PROPN " PUNCT means VERB not PART good ADJ . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 means punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 3 Mid punct 3 Mid Mid PROPN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 Mid punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 good advmod 7 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct 9 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Mid good property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Sentence 3: Is it broken?
aux:pass nsubj:pass punct root Is AUX it PRON broken VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 broken aux:pass 2 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 broken nsubj:pass 3 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 broken punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 break present · passive boat vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
The options Option 1 Yes, it has no verb at all
discourse punct nsubj det obj case nmod root Yes INTJ , PUNCT it PRON has VERB no DET verb NOUN at ADP all DET The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Yes yes INTJ Polarity=Pos 4 has discourse 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Yes punct 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 no no DET PronType=Neg 6 verb det 6 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing 4 has obj 7 at at ADP _ 8 all case 8 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 verb nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present it no verb all vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent verb=Patient
Option 2 No, "old" is the verb
discourse punct punct amod punct cop det root No INTJ , PUNCT " PUNCT old ADJ " PUNCT is AUX the DET verb NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 No no INTJ Polarity=Neg 4 old discourse 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 No punct 3 " " PUNCT _ 4 old punct 4 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 8 verb amod 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 old punct 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 verb cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 verb det 8 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the old verb tree rules
Option 3 Yes, it should be "The old man rows the boat"
discourse punct nsubj aux cop punct det amod nsubj det obj punct root Yes INTJ , PUNCT it PRON should AUX be AUX " PUNCT The DET old ADJ man NOUN rows VERB the DET boat NOUN " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Yes yes INTJ Polarity=Pos 10 rows discourse 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Yes punct 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 rows nsubj 4 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 rows aux 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 10 rows cop 6 " " PUNCT _ 10 rows punct 7 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 man det 8 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 9 man amod 9 man man NOUN Number=Sing 10 rows nsubj 10 rows row VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 boat det 12 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 10 rows obj 13 " " PUNCT _ 10 rows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote should it row property tree rules
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer No, "man" is the verb: old people crew the boat
discourse punct punct nsubj punct cop det punct amod nsubj conj det obj root No INTJ , PUNCT " PUNCT man NOUN " PUNCT is AUX the DET verb NOUN : PUNCT old ADJ people NOUN crew VERB the DET boat NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 No no INTJ Polarity=Neg 8 verb discourse 2 , , PUNCT _ 8 verb punct 3 " " PUNCT _ 4 man punct 4 man man NOUN Number=Sing 8 verb nsubj 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 man punct 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 verb cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 verb det 8 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 : : PUNCT _ 12 crew punct 10 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 11 people amod 11 people people NOUN Number=Plur 12 crew nsubj 12 crew crew VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 verb conj 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 boat det 14 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 12 crew obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present man the verb tree rules 2 crew present old people the boat vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Beneficiary
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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