Test 7 · ★ · Punctuation that changes meaning
In a cartoon, a teacher writes "Stop clapping!!!!!!!!" on a report. What would a formal report use?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: teacher · What happens: write, stop, clap · To what, where: cartoon · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 14 «Punctuation that changes meaning» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a teacher writes "Stop clapping!!!!!!!!" on a report.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 cartoon | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 cartoon | det |
| 3 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 writes | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 cartoon | punct |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 teacher | det |
| 6 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 writes | nsubj |
| 7 | writes | write | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 Stop | punct |
| 9 | Stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 writes | ccomp |
| 10 | clapping | clap | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 Stop | xcomp |
| 11 | !!!!!!!! | !!!!!!!! | PUNCT | _ | 9 Stop | punct |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 Stop | punct |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 report | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 report | det |
| 15 | report | report | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 writes | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 writes | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | write | present | a teacher | a cartoon | on a report | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | stop in a quote | infinitive | a teacher not said here | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | clap in a quote | gerund | a teacher not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What would a formal report use?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 2 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 1 What | aux |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 use | det |
| 4 | formal | formal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 use | amod |
| 5 | report | report | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 use | compound |
| 6 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 What | nsubj |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 What | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
One exclamation mark, or none
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 mark | nummod |
| 2 | exclamation | exclamation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 mark | compound |
| 3 | mark | mark | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 none | punct |
| 5 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 6 none | cc |
| 6 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 3 mark | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
A full stop after each one
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 stop | det |
| 2 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 stop | amod |
| 3 | stop | stop | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | after | after | ADP | _ | 6 one | case |
| 5 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 one | det |
| 6 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stop | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
Ten exclamation marks
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 marks | nummod |
| 2 | exclamation | exclamation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 marks | compound |
| 3 | marks | mark | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4
A question mark and an exclamation mark
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 mark | det |
| 2 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 mark | compound |
| 3 | mark | mark | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 mark | cc |
| 5 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 mark | det |
| 6 | exclamation | exclamation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 mark | compound |
| 7 | mark | mark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 mark | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/14-punctuation-that-changes-meaning/t7/