Exam question 3 · Slang and how it changes with every generation

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the word "rizz".

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, word

This is exam question 3 of lesson 17 «Slang and how it changes with every generation» of the language course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 word	det
11	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 rizz	punct
13	rizz	rizz	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 word	appos
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 rizz	punct
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the word		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus word=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It derives from a Latin verb meaning to laugh loudly at a joke or at a friend

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 derives	nsubj
2	derives	derive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	6 verb	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 verb	det
5	Latin	Latin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 verb	amod
6	verb	verb	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 derives	obl
7	meaning	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 verb	acl
8	to	to	PART	_	9 laugh	mark
9	laugh	laugh	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 meaning	xcomp
10	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	9 laugh	advmod
11	at	at	ADP	_	13 joke	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 joke	det
13	joke	joke	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 laugh	obl
14	or	or	CCONJ	_	17 friend	cc
15	at	at	ADP	_	17 friend	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 friend	det
17	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 joke	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	derive	present	It	a Latin verb		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from verb=Material
2	mean	gerund	a Latin verb not said here			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	laugh not said to happen	to-infinitive	a Latin verb not said here	a joke or a friend	loudly property	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It derives from "charisma" and was selected as Oxford Word of the Year for 2023

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 derives	nsubj
2	derives	derive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 charisma	case
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 charisma	punct
5	charisma	charisma	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 derives	obl
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 charisma	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 selected	cc
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 selected	aux:pass
9	selected	select	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 derives	conj
10	as	as	ADP	_	12 Word	case
11	Oxford	Oxford	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Word	compound
12	Word	Word	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 selected	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 Year	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Year	det
15	Year	Year	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Word	nmod
16	for	for	ADP	_	17 2023	case
17	2023	2023	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 selected	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	derive	present	It			charisma			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from charisma=Material
2	select	past · passive						as Oxford Word of the Year; for 2023	vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: as word=Attribute

Option 3

It denotes a beverage originating in Canada

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 denotes	nsubj
2	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 beverage	det
4	beverage	beverage	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 denotes	obj
5	originating	originate	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 beverage	acl
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 Canada	case
7	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 originating	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	It	a beverage					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot beverage=Topic
2	originate	gerund	a beverage not said here			Canada			vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It has never been recorded in any dictionary of English

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 recorded	nsubj:pass
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 recorded	aux
3	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 recorded	advmod
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 recorded	aux:pass
5	recorded	record	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 dictionary	case
7	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	8 dictionary	det
8	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 recorded	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 English	case
10	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 dictionary	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not record	present · perfect · passive		It		any dictionary of English			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in dictionary=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/17-slang-and-how-it-changes-with-every-generation/e3/