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Test 5 · ★★★ · Is there one proper English? The big arguments

A teacher says "In Ukrainian you say 'я нічого не знаю' (I nothing not know)." What does that show?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: teacher, you, я, that · What happens: say, знаю, not know, show · To what, where: Ukrainian · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 20 «Is there one proper English? The big arguments» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A teacher says "In Ukrainian you say 'я нічого не знаю' (I nothing not know)."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 teacher	det
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 say	punct
5	In	in	ADP	_	6 Ukrainian	case
6	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 say	obl
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 say	nsubj
8	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
9	'	'	PUNCT	_	10 я	punct
10	я	я	X	Foreign=Yes	13 знаю	nsubj
11	нічого	нічого	X	Foreign=Yes	10 я	flat:foreign
12	не	не	X	Foreign=Yes	10 я	flat:foreign
13	знаю	знаю	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 say	ccomp
14	'	'	PUNCT	_	13 знаю	punct
15	(	(	PUNCT	_	19 know	punct
16	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	19 know	nsubj
17	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	19 know	nsubj
18	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	19 know	advmod
19	know	know	VERB	Mood=Sub Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 say	ccomp
20	)	)	PUNCT	_	19 know	punct
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 say	punct
22	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a teacher						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	say speech: assert in a quote	present	you			Ukrainian			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	знаю in a quote		я						tree rules
4	not know in a quote	infinitive	a teacher = teacher						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does that show?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 show	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 show	aux
3	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 show	nsubj
4	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 show	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present · do-support	that						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient

The options

Option 1

Ukrainian grammar is broken and wrong, like a mistake

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 grammar	amod
2	grammar	grammar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 broken	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 broken	aux:pass
4	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 wrong	cc
6	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 broken	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 mistake	punct
8	like	like	ADP	_	10 mistake	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 mistake	det
10	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 broken	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	present · passive		Ukrainian grammar					vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Double negatives are normal in some languages

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Double	double	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 negatives	amod
2	negatives	negative	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 normal	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 normal	cop
4	normal	normal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 languages	case
6	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	7 languages	det
7	languages	language	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 normal	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Double negatives			some languages		normal property	tree rules

Option 3

It's a mistake that only children make

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 mistake	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 mistake	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 mistake	det
4	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 make	obj
6	only	only	ADV	_	7 children	advmod
7	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 make	nsubj
8	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 mistake	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a mistake					tree rules
2	make	present	children	a mistake					vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Product

Option 4

Ukrainians mean they do know everything

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ukrainians	Ukrainian	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 mean	nsubj
2	mean	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 know	nsubj
4	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 know	aux
5	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 mean	ccomp
6	everything	everything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	5 know	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Ukrainians						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	know	present · do-support	Ukrainians = ukrainian	everything					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer everything=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/20-is-there-one-proper-english/t5/