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Test 7 · ★★★ · Is there one proper English? The big arguments

In a cartoon, a grammar robot says "To boldly go is ILLEGAL!" and explodes. What's the truth?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: grammar robot, truth · What happens: say, go, be, explode · To what, where: cartoon · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 · ★★★ of lesson 20 «Is there one proper English? The big arguments» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a grammar robot says "To boldly go is ILLEGAL!" and explodes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 says	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 robot	det
6	grammar	grammar	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 robot	compound
7	robot	robot	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 says	nsubj
8	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 ILLEGAL	punct
10	To	to	PART	_	12 go	mark
11	boldly	boldly	ADV	Degree=Pos	12 go	advmod
12	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 "	advcl
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 ILLEGAL	cop
14	ILLEGAL	illegal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 says	ccomp
15	!	!	PUNCT	_	14 ILLEGAL	punct
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 ILLEGAL	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 explodes	cc
18	explodes	explode	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 says	conj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: express	present	a grammar robot			a cartoon			vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in cartoon=Manner
2	go in a quote	to-infinitive						boldly property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is in a quote	present						illegal property	tree rules
4	explode	present	a grammar robot not said here						vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's the truth?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 truth	det
4	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the truth						tree rules

The options

Option 1

The robot is right, Star Trek was banned

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 robot	det
2	robot	robot	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 right	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 right	cop
4	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 banned	nsubj:pass
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 Star	punct
6	Star	Star	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 right	appos
7	Trek	Trek	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Star	flat
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 banned	aux:pass
9	banned	ban	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the robot					right property	tree rules
2	ban	past · passive		right					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Most modern style guides say "to boldly go" is fine

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	4 guides	amod
2	modern	modern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 guides	amod
3	style	style	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 guides	compound
4	guides	guide	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 say	nsubj
5	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 go	punct
7	to	to	PART	_	9 go	mark
8	boldly	boldly	ADV	Degree=Pos	9 go	advmod
9	go	go	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 fine	obl
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 go	punct
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 fine	cop
12	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 say	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Most modern style guides						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is	present						go obl; fine property	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

It really is illegal in Britain to split an infinitive

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 illegal	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	4 illegal	advmod
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 illegal	cop
4	illegal	illegal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 Britain	case
6	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 illegal	obl
7	to	to	PART	_	8 split	mark
8	split	split	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 illegal	advcl
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 infinitive	det
10	infinitive	infinitive	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 split	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It			Britain		illegal property	tree rules
2	split	to-infinitive		a infinitive					vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent infinitive=Patient

Option 4

It's illegal only in space films

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 illegal	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 illegal	cop
3	illegal	illegal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 films	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 films	case
6	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 films	compound
7	films	film	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 illegal	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It			space films		illegal property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/20-is-there-one-proper-english/t7/