Exam question 2 · British and American words

Identify the origin of the term "soccer", given that it is now chiefly employed in the United States.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, give, employ · To what, where: origin, United States

This is exam question 2 of lesson 21 «British and American words» of the language course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 origin	det
3	origin	origin	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 term	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 term	det
6	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 origin	nmod
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 soccer	punct
8	soccer	soccer	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 term	appos
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 soccer	punct
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 given	punct
11	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 origin	acl
12	that	that	SCONJ	_	17 employed	mark
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 employed	nsubj:pass
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 employed	aux
15	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	17 employed	advmod
16	chiefly	chiefly	ADV	_	17 employed	advmod
17	employed	employ	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 given	advcl
18	in	in	ADP	_	21 States	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 States	det
20	United	United	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 States	amod
21	States	State	PROPN	Number=Plur	17 employed	obl
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the origin of the term				vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent origin=Theme
2	give	participle		the origin of the term not said here				vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
3	employ	present · passive		origin	the United States	now	chiefly property	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It originated as a commercial trade name for a brand of leather football

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 originated	nsubj
2	originated	originate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	as	as	ADP	_	7 name	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 name	det
5	commercial	commercial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 name	amod
6	trade	trade	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 name	compound
7	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 originated	obl
8	for	for	ADP	_	10 brand	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 brand	det
10	brand	brand	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 originated	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 football	case
12	leather	leather	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 football	compound
13	football	football	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 brand	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	originate	past	It					as a commercial trade name; for a brand of leather football	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	brand			leather football					nom brand «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

It derives from a Spanish term for a ball

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 derives	nsubj
2	derives	derive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	6 term	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 term	det
5	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 term	amod
6	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 derives	obl
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 ball	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 ball	det
9	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 term	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	derive	present	It			a Spanish term for a ball			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from term=Material

Option 3

It was devised in the United States in the twentieth century by sports journalists

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 devised	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 devised	aux:pass
3	devised	devise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 States	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 States	det
6	United	United	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 States	amod
7	States	State	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 devised	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	11 century	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 century	det
10	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 century	amod
11	century	century	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 devised	obl
12	by	by	ADP	_	14 journalists	case
13	sports	sport	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 journalists	compound
14	journalists	journalist	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 devised	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	devise	past · passive	sports journalists	It		the United States	century		vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It was coined in England as an abbreviation of "association football"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 coined	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 coined	aux:pass
3	coined	coin	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 England	case
5	England	England	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 coined	obl
6	as	as	ADP	_	8 abbreviation	case
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 abbreviation	det
8	abbreviation	abbreviation	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 coined	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 football	case
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 football	punct
11	association	association	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 football	compound
12	football	football	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 abbreviation	nmod
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 football	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	coin	past · passive		It		England		as a abbreviation of association football	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Result as abbreviation=Attribute
2	abbreviate			association football					nom abbreviation «communication transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/21-british-and-american-words/e2/