Test 10 · ★★ · Idioms taken literally

Your dad says "Let the cat out of the bag" came from real market tricks, 100 percent. What's fair?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: dad · What happens: say, let, come, be · To what, where: cat, bag, real market tricks · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 25 «Idioms taken literally» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your dad says "Let the cat out of the bag" came from real market tricks, 100 percent.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 dad	nmod:poss
2	dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 Let	punct
5	Let	let	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 came	ccomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 cat	det
7	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 Let	obj
8	out	out	ADP	_	11 bag	case
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 bag	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 bag	det
11	bag	bag	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 Let	obl
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 Let	punct
13	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
14	from	from	ADP	_	17 tricks	case
15	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 tricks	amod
16	market	market	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 tricks	compound
17	tricks	trick	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 came	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 percent	punct
19	100	100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	20 percent	nummod
20	percent	percent	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 tricks	appos
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Your dad			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	let in a quote	infinitive		the cat	the bag	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Theme
3	come	past			real market tricks	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's fair?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 fair	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fair	cop
3	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 fair	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						fair property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It came from a film

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 film	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 film	det
5	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 came	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	It			a film			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from film=Initial_Location

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It's a popular story, but there's no clear proof

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 story	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 story	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 story	det
4	popular	popular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 story	amod
5	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 's	punct
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 's	cc
8	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	9 's	expl
9	's	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 story	parataxis
10	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	12 proof	det
11	clear	clear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 proof	amod
12	proof	proof	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 's	nsubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a popular story					tree rules
2	be	present	no clear proof			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Yes, it's fully proven by old market records from London

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 proven	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 proven	nsubj:pass
4	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 proven	aux
5	fully	fully	ADV	_	6 proven	advmod
6	proven	prove	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	by	by	ADP	_	10 records	case
8	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 records	amod
9	market	market	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 records	compound
10	records	record	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 proven	obl
11	from	from	ADP	_	12 London	case
12	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 records	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prove	present · passive	old market records from London	it				fully property	vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 4

It came from Latin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 Latin	case
4	Latin	Latin	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 came	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	It			Latin			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from latin=Initial_Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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