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Test 4 · ★★ · Idioms taken literally

Your cousin from Newcastle says "howay man, that trainer cost an arm and a leg, canny dear." ("Howay" means come on; "canny dear" here means quite expensive.) What did the trainer cost?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: cousin, howay man, Howay, canny dear · What happens: say, cost, mean, come on, do · To what, where: arm, trainer cost · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 25 «Idioms taken literally» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your cousin from Newcastle says "howay man, that trainer cost an arm and a leg, canny dear."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 cousin	nmod:poss
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 says	nsubj
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 Newcastle	case
4	Newcastle	Newcastle	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 cousin	nmod
5	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 man	punct
7	howay	howay	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 man	compound
8	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 cost	nsubj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 trainer	punct
10	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	11 trainer	det
11	trainer	trainer	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 man	conj
12	cost	cost	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 says	ccomp
13	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 arm	det
14	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 cost	obj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 leg	cc
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 leg	det
17	leg	leg	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 arm	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 dear	punct
19	canny	canny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 dear	amod
20	dear	dear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 cost	parataxis
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 cost	punct
22	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 cost	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Your cousin from Newcastle						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	cost in a quote	past	howay man and that trainer	a arm and a leg					vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme arm=Value

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: ("Howay" means come on; "canny dear" here means quite expensive.)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 Howay	punct
2	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Howay	punct
3	Howay	Howay	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Howay	punct
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 means	ccomp
7	on	on	ADV	_	6 come	advmod
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 dear	punct
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 dear	punct
10	canny	canny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 dear	amod
11	dear	dear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 means	nsubj
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 dear	punct
13	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	14 means	advmod
14	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 means	parataxis
15	quite	quite	ADV	_	16 expensive	advmod
16	expensive	expensive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 means	xcomp
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct
18	)	)	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Howay						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	come on	infinitive							vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	mean	present	canny dear			here		expensive property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Sentence 3: What did the trainer cost?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 did	nsubj
2	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 cost	det
4	trainer	trainer	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cost	compound
5	cost	cost	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 did	obj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 did	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past		the trainer cost					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cost=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

Nothing, it was free

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 free	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 free	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 free	cop
5	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Nothing					free property	tree rules

Option 2

Very little money

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Very	very	ADV	_	2 little	advmod
2	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 money	amod
3	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A lot of money

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 lot	det
2	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 money	case
4	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lot	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

His arm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 arm	nmod:poss
2	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/25-idioms-taken-literally/t4/