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Test 8 · ★★★ · Puns and jokes that need a pun

Your friend says "a joke has to be true, otherwise it's a lie." What's true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: friend, joke · What happens: say, have, be · To what, where: lie · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 28 «Puns and jokes that need a pun» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your friend says "a joke has to be true, otherwise it's a lie."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 friend	nmod:poss
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 has	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 joke	det
6	joke	joke	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 has	nsubj
7	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
8	to	to	PART	_	10 true	mark
9	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 true	cop
10	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 has	xcomp
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 lie	punct
12	otherwise	otherwise	ADV	_	16 lie	advmod
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 lie	nsubj
14	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 lie	cop
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 lie	det
16	lie	lie	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 true	conj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 has	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Your friend						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	have in a quote	present	a joke						vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	is in a quote	to-infinitive	a joke not said here					true property	tree rules
4	is a in a quote	present	joke	a lie				otherwise property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Jokes are lies and should be banned

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jokes	joke	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lies	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lies	cop
3	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 banned	cc
5	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 banned	aux
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 banned	aux:pass
7	banned	ban	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 lies	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Jokes	lies					tree rules
2	ban	should · passive	Jokes not said here						vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S_ING»

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Puns are fun because both meanings work at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Puns	pun	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fun	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fun	cop
3	fun	fun	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 work	mark
5	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	6 meanings	det
6	meanings	meaning	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 work	nsubj
7	work	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fun	advcl
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 once	case
9	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	7 work	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Puns					fun property	tree rules
2	work	present	both meanings						vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at once=Theme

Option 3

He's right, all jokes must be true or they're just lies

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 true	punct
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 jokes	det
6	jokes	joke	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 true	nsubj
7	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 true	aux
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 true	cop
9	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 right	parataxis
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 lies	cc
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 lies	nsubj
12	're	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 lies	cop
13	just	just	ADV	_	14 lies	advmod
14	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 right	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					right property	tree rules
2	is	must	all jokes					true property	tree rules
3	is a	present	jokes = joke	lies					tree rules

Option 4

Only true jokes make people laugh

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 jokes	advmod
2	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 jokes	amod
3	jokes	joke	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 make	nsubj
4	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 make	obj
6	laugh	laugh	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 make	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	true jokes	people					tree rules
2	laugh	infinitive	people not said here						vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/28-puns-and-jokes-that-need-a-pun/t8/