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Test 1 · ★★ · Sarcasm and tone of voice

Your mate goes "people always mean what they say, bruv, words are words." What's true?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, people, words · What happens: go, mean, say, be · To what, where: bruv, words · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 29 «Sarcasm and tone of voice» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your mate goes "people always mean what they say, bruv, words are words."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 goes	nsubj
3	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 goes	punct
5	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 mean	nsubj
6	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	7 mean	advmod
7	mean	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 goes	parataxis
8	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	10 say	obj
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 say	nsubj
10	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 mean	ccomp
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 bruv	punct
12	bruv	bruv	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 say	obj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 words	punct
14	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 words	nsubj
15	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 words	cop
16	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 mean	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 goes	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 goes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present	Your mate						vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	mean in a quote	present	people					always property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	say speech: assert in a quote	present	people	bruv					vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme bruv=Manner
4	is a in a quote	present	words	words					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Sometimes the situation and tone show the opposite meaning

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	6 show	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 situation	det
3	situation	situation	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 show	nsubj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 tone	cc
5	tone	tone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 situation	conj
6	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 meaning	det
8	opposite	opposite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 meaning	amod
9	meaning	meaning	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 show	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	the situation and tone	the opposite meaning				sometimes property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent meaning=Recipient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

He's right, words always mean exactly what they say, whatever the voice sounds like

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 mean	punct
5	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 mean	nsubj
6	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	7 mean	advmod
7	mean	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	conj
8	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	9 what	advmod
9	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	11 say	obj
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 say	nsubj
11	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 mean	ccomp
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 whatever	punct
13	whatever	whatever	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 sounds	obj
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 voice	det
15	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 sounds	nsubj
16	sounds	sound	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 mean	ccomp
17	like	like	ADP	_	16 sounds	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					right property	tree rules
2	mean	present	words					always property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	say speech: assert	present	words = word						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic
4	sound	present	the voice	whatever					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location whatever=Theme

Option 3

Only in films do people use sarcasm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 films	advmod
2	in	in	ADP	_	3 films	case
3	films	film	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 use	nsubj
4	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 use	aux
5	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 use	nsubj
6	use	use	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	sarcasm	sarcasm	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 use	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present · do-support	films	sarcasm					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sarcasm=Patient

Option 4

Only adults mean what they say

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	2 adults	advmod
2	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 mean	nsubj
3	mean	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 say	obj
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 say	nsubj
6	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 mean	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	adults						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	say speech: assert	present	adults = adult						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/29-sarcasm-and-tone-of-voice/t1/