Test 9 · ★ · Texting, abbreviations and emoji

Your mate says "texting wrecks spelling, everyone knows it." What's fairest?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, texting, everyone · What happens: say, wreck, know, be · To what, where: spelling · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 30 «Texting, abbreviations and emoji» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your mate says "texting wrecks spelling, everyone knows it."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 wrecks	punct
5	texting	texting	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 wrecks	nsubj
6	wrecks	wreck	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	conj
7	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 wrecks	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 knows	punct
9	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	10 knows	nsubj
10	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 knows	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 knows	punct
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 knows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Your mate		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	wreck in a quote	present	texting	spelling	vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spelling=Patient
3	know in a quote	present	everyone	spelling	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's fairest?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 fairest	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fairest	cop
3	fairest	fair	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 fairest	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						fair property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

He's right, it's fully proven by every study ever done on children and phones

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 proven	punct
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 proven	nsubj:pass
6	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 proven	aux
7	fully	fully	ADV	_	8 proven	advmod
8	proven	prove	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 done	advcl
9	by	by	ADP	_	11 study	case
10	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	11 study	det
11	study	study	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 proven	obl
12	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	13 done	advmod
13	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 right	parataxis
14	on	on	ADP	_	15 children	case
15	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 done	obl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 phones	cc
17	phones	phone	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 children	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He			right property	tree rules
2	prove	present · passive	every study	it		fully property	vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
3	do	participle			ever	on children and phones	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Spelling doesn't matter at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 matter	nsubj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 matter	aux
3	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 matter	advmod
4	matter	matter	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 matter	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not matter	present · do-support	Spelling			all			vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Texting makes everyone a perfect speller

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Texting	texting	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	2 makes	obj
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 speller	det
5	perfect	perfect	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 speller	amod
6	speller	speller	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Texting	everyone					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset everyone=Product

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Some studies found texting kids were no worse, but scientists still argue

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	2 studies	det
2	studies	study	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 found	nsubj
3	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	texting	texting	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 kids	compound
5	kids	kid	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 worse	nsubj
6	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 worse	cop
7	no	no	ADV	_	8 worse	advmod
8	worse	bad	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 found	ccomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 argue	punct
10	but	but	CCONJ	_	13 argue	cc
11	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 argue	nsubj
12	still	still	ADV	_	13 argue	advmod
13	argue	argue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 found	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	find	past	some studies			vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
2	not is	past	texting kids		bad property	tree rules
3	argue speech: disagree	present	scientists	still		vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/t9/