Test 6 · ★★★ · Grammar puzzles, part two
Your little bro writes "myth" and says "you can't spell without a vowel letter, dummy." What's true?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: little bro, you · What happens: write, say, not spell, be · To what, where: myth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 6 · ★★★ of lesson 36 «Grammar puzzles, part two» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Your little bro writes "myth" and says "you can't spell without a vowel letter, dummy."
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 bro | nmod:poss |
| 2 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 bro | amod |
| 3 | bro | bro | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 writes | nsubj |
| 4 | writes | write | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 myth | punct |
| 6 | myth | myth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 writes | obj |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 myth | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 says | cc |
| 9 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 writes | conj |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 spell | punct |
| 11 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 spell | nsubj |
| 12 | ca | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 spell | aux |
| 13 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 spell | advmod |
| 14 | spell | spell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 says | ccomp |
| 15 | without | without | ADP | _ | 18 letter | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 letter | det |
| 17 | vowel | vowel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 letter | compound |
| 18 | letter | letter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 spell | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 dummy | punct |
| 20 | dummy | dummy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 letter | conj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 spell | punct |
| 22 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 spell | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | write | present | Your little bro | myth | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent myth=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present | Your little bro not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | not spell in a quote | can | you | without a vowel letter and dummy | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What's true?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 true | nsubj |
| 2 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 true | cop |
| 3 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 true | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | true property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
In "myth" the y does the job of a vowel
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 myth | case |
| 2 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 myth | punct |
| 3 | myth | myth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 does | obl |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 myth | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 y | det |
| 6 | y | y | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 does | nsubj |
| 7 | does | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 job | det |
| 9 | job | job | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 does | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 vowel | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 vowel | det |
| 12 | vowel | vowel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 job | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | present | the y | the job of a vowel | myth | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | job | a vowel | nom job «act intransitive»: of=agent |
Option 2
Words without vowels are only in Welsh
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 Welsh | nsubj |
| 2 | without | without | ADP | _ | 3 vowels | case |
| 3 | vowels | vowel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Words | nmod |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 Welsh | cop |
| 5 | only | only | ADV | _ | 7 Welsh | advmod |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 Welsh | case |
| 7 | Welsh | Welsh | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Words without vowels | Welsh | tree rules |
Option 3
"Myth" really has a hidden e
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Myth | punct |
| 2 | Myth | myth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 has | parataxis |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Myth | punct |
| 4 | really | really | ADV | _ | 5 has | advmod |
| 5 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 e | det |
| 7 | hidden | hidden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 e | amod |
| 8 | e | e | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 has | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | a hidden e | tree rules |
Option 4
He's right, "myth" is spelled wrongly
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 right | nsubj |
| 2 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 right | cop |
| 3 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 spelled | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 myth | punct |
| 6 | myth | myth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 spelled | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 myth | punct |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 spelled | aux:pass |
| 9 | spelled | spell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 right | conj |
| 10 | wrongly | wrongly | ADV | _ | 9 spelled | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | He | right property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | spell | present · passive | myth | wrongly property | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/t6/