Test 1 · ★ · Building words: prefixes, suffixes and compounds

Gran snaps "-ish isn't a word, it's lazy talk!" What's true?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Gran, ish · What happens: snap, not be, be · To what, where: word, lazy talk · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 37 «Building words: prefixes, suffixes and compounds» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Gran snaps "-ish isn't a word, it's lazy talk!"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gran	Gran	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 snaps	nsubj
2	snaps	snap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 word	punct
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 ish	punct
5	ish	ish	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 word	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 word	cop
7	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 word	advmod
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 word	det
9	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 snaps	ccomp
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 talk	punct
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 talk	nsubj
12	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 talk	cop
13	lazy	lazy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 talk	amod
14	talk	talk	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 word	appos
15	!	!	PUNCT	_	14 talk	punct
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 talk	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	snap	present	Gran		vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location
2	not is a in a quote	present	ish	a word	tree rules
3	is a in a quote	present	ish	lazy talk	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

"-ish" is an American spelling of "-ness"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 ish	punct
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 ish	punct
3	ish	ish	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 spelling	nsubj
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 ish	punct
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 spelling	cop
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 spelling	det
7	American	American	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 spelling	amod
8	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 ness	case
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 ness	punct
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	12 ness	punct
12	ness	ness	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 spelling	nmod
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 ness	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	ish	a American spelling				of ness	tree rules

Option 2

She's right, "-ish" was made up on the internet last year by gamers

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 made	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 ish	punct
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 ish	punct
7	ish	ish	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 made	nsubj:pass
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 ish	punct
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 made	aux:pass
10	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 right	parataxis
11	up	up	ADP	_	10 made	compound:prt
12	on	on	ADP	_	14 internet	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 internet	det
14	internet	internet	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 made	obl
15	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 year	amod
16	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 internet	nmod:unmarked
17	by	by	ADP	_	18 gamers	case
18	gamers	gamer	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	She					right property	tree rules
2	make up	past · passive	gamers	ish		the internet last year			vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Pivot

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

"-ish" is an old English suffix meaning somewhat, now used more freely

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 ish	punct
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 ish	punct
3	ish	ish	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 suffix	nsubj
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 ish	punct
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 suffix	cop
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 suffix	det
7	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 suffix	amod
8	English	English	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 suffix	amod
9	suffix	suffix	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	meaning	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 suffix	acl
11	somewhat	somewhat	ADV	_	10 meaning	advmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 used	punct
13	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	14 used	advmod
14	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 suffix	acl
15	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	16 freely	advmod
16	freely	freely	ADV	_	14 used	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	ish	a old English suffix			tree rules
2	mean	gerund	a old English suffix not said here			somewhat property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	use	participle		a old English suffix not said here	now	freely property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

"-ish" is only allowed in maths lessons about time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 ish	punct
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 ish	punct
3	ish	ish	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 allowed	nsubj:pass
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 ish	punct
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 allowed	aux:pass
6	only	only	ADV	_	7 allowed	advmod
7	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 lessons	case
9	maths	math	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 lessons	compound
10	lessons	lesson	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 allowed	obl
11	about	about	ADP	_	12 time	case
12	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 lessons	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	allow	present · passive		ish		maths lessons about time			vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds/t1/