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Test 1 · The big language quiz

Your mate goes "quickly's an adjective, it describes stuff, innit." What's true?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate · What happens: go, be, describe · To what, where: adjective, stuff · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 40 «The big language quiz» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your mate goes "quickly's an adjective, it describes stuff, innit."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 goes	nsubj
3	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 adjective	punct
5	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	8 adjective	advmod
6	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 adjective	cop
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 adjective	det
8	adjective	adjective	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 goes	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 describes	punct
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 describes	nsubj
11	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 goes	parataxis
12	stuff	stuff	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 describes	obj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 innit	punct
14	innit	innit	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 stuff	conj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 goes	punct
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 goes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present	Your mate						vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	is a in a quote	present		a adjective				quickly property	tree rules
3	describe in a quote	present	mate	stuff and innit					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent stuff=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

It's a noun, because it names a speed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 noun	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 noun	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 noun	det
4	noun	noun	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 names	punct
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 names	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 names	nsubj
8	names	name	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 noun	advcl
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 speed	det
10	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 names	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a noun					tree rules
2	name	present	noun	a speed					vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speed=Theme

Option 2

It's a verb, because running is an action

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 verb	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 verb	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 verb	det
4	verb	verb	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 action	parataxis
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 running	punct
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 running	mark
7	running	run	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 verb	conj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 action	cop
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 action	det
10	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a verb					tree rules
2	run	gerund							vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is a	present		a action					tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

He's right, every describing word is an adjective

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 adjective	punct
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	7 word	det
6	describing	describe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 word	amod
7	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 adjective	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 adjective	cop
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 adjective	det
10	adjective	adjective	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 right	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					right property	tree rules
2	describe	gerund							vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
3	is a	present	every describing word	a adjective					tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It describes how she ran, so it's an adverb

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 describes	nsubj
2	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	5 ran	advmod
4	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 ran	nsubj
5	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 describes	ccomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 adverb	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	11 adverb	advmod
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 adverb	nsubj
9	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 adverb	cop
10	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 adverb	det
11	adverb	adverb	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 describes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	describe	present	It						vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	run	past	she						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is a	present	it	a adverb					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/40-the-big-language-quiz/t1/