Test 1 · Starving, a million times and a ton: everyday hyperbole
«bruh my mate says if u say literally it means its really true, so zoe actually flew??» What is right?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate, u, zoe · What happens: say, mean, fly, be · To what, where: true · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 1 of lesson 44 «Starving, a million times and a ton: everyday hyperbole» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: «bruh my mate says if u say literally it means its really true, so zoe actually flew??»
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 5 says | punct |
| 2 | bruh | bruh | INTJ | _ | 5 says | discourse |
| 3 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 mate | nmod:poss |
| 4 | mate | mate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 says | nsubj |
| 5 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 8 say | mark |
| 7 | u | you | PRON | Abbr=Yes Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 say | nsubj |
| 8 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 says | ccomp |
| 9 | literally | literally | ADV | _ | 11 means | advmod |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 means | nsubj |
| 11 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 say | ccomp |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 true | nmod:poss |
| 13 | really | really | ADV | _ | 14 true | advmod |
| 14 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 means | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 flew | punct |
| 16 | so | so | ADV | _ | 19 flew | advmod |
| 17 | zoe | zoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 flew | nsubj |
| 18 | actually | actually | ADV | _ | 19 flew | advmod |
| 19 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 says | conj |
| 20 | ?? | ?? | PUNCT | _ | 5 says | punct |
| 21 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 5 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | present | my mate | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | u | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | mean in a quote | present | mate | mate's true | literally property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent true=Topic | |||
| 4 | fly in a quote | past | zoe | actually property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is right?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 right | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 right | cop |
| 3 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 right | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | right property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
No, Zoe made up the whole race
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 4 made | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | Zoe | Zoe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 made | nsubj |
| 4 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | up | up | ADP | _ | 4 made | compound:prt |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 race | det |
| 7 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 race | amod |
| 8 | race | race | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 made | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make up | past | Zoe | the whole race | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme race=Pivot |
Option 2
Yes, but only on sports day
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 7 day | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 7 day | cc |
| 4 | only | only | ADV | _ | 7 day | advmod |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 day | case |
| 6 | sports | sport | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 day | compound |
| 7 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
No, «literally» here just makes it stronger
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 8 makes | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 4 literally | punct |
| 4 | literally | literally | ADV | _ | 8 makes | advmod |
| 5 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 4 literally | punct |
| 6 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 literally | advmod |
| 7 | just | just | ADV | _ | 8 makes | advmod |
| 8 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 makes | obj |
| 10 | stronger | strong | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 8 makes | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | it | literally, strong property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
Option 4
Yes, «literally» always means it really happened
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 7 means | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 4 literally | punct |
| 4 | literally | literally | ADV | _ | 7 means | nsubj |
| 5 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 4 literally | punct |
| 6 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 7 means | advmod |
| 7 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 happened | nsubj |
| 9 | really | really | ADV | _ | 10 happened | advmod |
| 10 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 means | ccomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | always property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | happen | past | it | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/44-starving-a-million-times-and-a-ton-everyday-hyperbole/t1/