Test 6 · Dead, a mile long and everyone: more everyday hyperbole

«nah it's just talk, minus a million isn't real, I'll go out without my hat» It is minus twenty. What is wrong with this?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: it, million, I, hat · What happens: be, not be, go out · To what, where: minus twenty

This is test 6 of lesson 45 «Dead, a mile long and everyone: more everyday hyperbole» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «nah it's just talk, minus a million isn't real, I'll go out without my hat» It is minus twenty.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 talk	punct
2	nah	nah	INTJ	_	6 talk	discourse
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 talk	nsubj
4	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 talk	cop
5	just	just	ADV	_	6 talk	advmod
6	talk	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 real	punct
8	minus	minus	CCONJ	_	13 real	cc
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 million	det
10	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 real	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 real	cop
12	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 real	advmod
13	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 talk	parataxis
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 go	punct
15	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	17 go	nsubj
16	'll	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 go	aux
17	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 real	parataxis
18	out	out	ADV	_	17 go	advmod
19	without	without	ADP	_	21 hat	case
20	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 hat	nmod:poss
21	hat	hat	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 go	obl
22	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 talk	punct
23	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 twenty	nsubj
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 twenty	cop
25	minus	minus	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 twenty	amod
26	twenty	twenty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 talk	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 talk	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	it		talk property	tree rules
2	not is in a quote	present	a million		real property	tree rules
3	go out in a quote	future	I		without my hat; out property	vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is a	present	hat	minus twenty		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong with this?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 this	case
5	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 wrong	obl
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						with this; wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Nothing, if the number is made up then the cold is made up too

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	13 made	nsubj:pass
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 made	punct
3	if	if	SCONJ	_	7 made	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 number	det
5	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 made	nsubj:pass
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 made	aux:pass
7	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Nothing	appos
8	up	up	ADP	_	7 made	compound:prt
9	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	11 cold	advmod
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 cold	det
11	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 made	obl
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 made	aux:pass
13	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
14	up	up	ADP	_	13 made	compound:prt
15	too	too	ADV	_	13 made	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make up a condition, not said to happen	present · passive		the number				the cold obl	vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot
2	make up	present · passive		Nothing					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot

Option 2

Hats only help when it is really minus a million degrees

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hats	hat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 help	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 help	advmod
3	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	11 degrees	advmod
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 degrees	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 degrees	cop
7	really	really	ADV	_	10 million	advmod
8	minus	minus	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 million	nsubj
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 million	det
10	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 degrees	nummod
11	degrees	degree	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 help	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	present	Hats						vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	it	million degrees					tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The number is made up, but minus twenty is still dangerous for bare ears

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 number	det
2	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 made	aux:pass
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 made	compound:prt
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 dangerous	punct
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	12 dangerous	cc
8	minus	minus	ADP	_	9 twenty	case
9	twenty	twenty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 dangerous	obl
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 dangerous	cop
11	still	still	ADV	_	12 dangerous	advmod
12	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 made	parataxis
13	for	for	ADP	_	15 ears	case
14	bare	bare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 ears	amod
15	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 dangerous	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make up	present · passive		the number					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot
2	is	present					still	minus twenty; for bare ears; dangerous property	tree rules

Option 4

It's the gloves that matter, not the hat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 gloves	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 gloves	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 gloves	det
4	gloves	glove	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 matter	nsubj
6	matter	matter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 gloves	acl:relcl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 hat	punct
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 hat	advmod
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 hat	det
10	hat	hat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gloves	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the gloves and the hat					tree rules
2	matter	present	the gloves and the hat						vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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