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Test 4 · ★★ · Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side

★ Mia's «delicious charcoal» and Dad's «slightly well done» are about the same toast. What is different?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: do, be

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 52 «Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★ Mia's «delicious charcoal» and Dad's «slightly well done» are about the same toast.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 charcoal	nmod:poss
2	Mia	Mia	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 ★	flat
3	's	's	PART	_	1 ★	case
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 charcoal	punct
5	delicious	delicious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 charcoal	amod
6	charcoal	charcoal	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 charcoal	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 toast	cc
9	Dad	Dad	PROPN	Number=Sing	20 toast	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 Dad	case
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	14 done	punct
12	slightly	slightly	ADV	_	14 done	advmod
13	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	14 done	advmod
14	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 toast	advcl
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 done	punct
16	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 toast	cop
17	about	about	ADP	_	20 toast	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 toast	det
19	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 toast	amod
20	toast	toast	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 charcoal	conj
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 charcoal	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do in a quote	participle						slightly, well property	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present						about Dad's same toast	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is different?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 different	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 different	cop
3	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 different	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						different property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Both of them really like the toast

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	5 like	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 them	case
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Both	nmod
4	really	really	ADV	_	5 like	advmod
5	like	like	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 toast	det
7	toast	toast	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 like	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	like	present	Both	the toast					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot toast=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Mia says the opposite; Dad makes it smaller

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mia	Mia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 opposite	det
4	opposite	opposite	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	obj
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	7 makes	punct
6	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 makes	nsubj
7	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	conj
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 makes	obj
9	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 makes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Mia	the opposite					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent opposite=Topic
2	make	present	Dad	opposite				small property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product

Option 3

Both of them are using hyperbole

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	5 using	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 them	case
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Both	nmod
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 using	aux
5	using	use	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	hyperbole	hyperbole	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 using	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present · progressive	Both	hyperbole					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hyperbole=Patient

Option 4

Mia makes it bigger; Dad says the opposite

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mia	Mia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 makes	obj
4	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 makes	xcomp
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	7 says	punct
6	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 says	nsubj
7	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 makes	conj
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 opposite	det
9	opposite	opposite	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 says	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Mia	it				big property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product
2	say speech: assert	present	Dad	the opposite					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent opposite=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/52-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side/t4/