Test 10 · Told you a hundred times: how other languages exaggerate a…

★★★ Which pair is one hyperbole and one understatement?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★ ★ ★ · What happens: be · To what, where: one hyperbole

This is test 10 of lesson 53 «Told you a hundred times: how other languages exaggerate and play down» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
2	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
3	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hyperbole	nsubj
4	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	5 pair	det
5	pair	pair	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	nmod:unmarked
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 hyperbole	cop
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 hyperbole	nummod
8	hyperbole	hyperbole	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 understatement	cc
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 understatement	nummod
11	understatement	understatement	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hyperbole	conj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 hyperbole	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	★ ★ ★ which pair	one hyperbole and one understatement					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Japanese «a boring little thing» and Ukrainian «Непогано»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Japanese	Japanese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 thing	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 thing	det
4	boring	boring	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 thing	amod
5	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 thing	amod
6	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Japanese	appos
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 thing	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 Ukrainian	cc
9	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Japanese	conj
10	«	«	PUNCT	_	11 Непогано	punct
11	Непогано	Непогано	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Ukrainian	appos
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	11 Непогано	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Mandarin «è sǐ le» and French «a wolf's hunger»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mandarin	Mandarin	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 è	nsubj
2	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 è	punct
3	è	è	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	sǐ	sǐ	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 le	amod
5	le	le	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 è	obj
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 le	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 hunger	cc
8	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 hunger	nsubj
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	13 hunger	punct
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 wolf	det
11	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 hunger	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 wolf	case
13	hunger	hunger	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 è	conj
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	13 hunger	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	è in a quote	past	Mandarin	sǐ le					tree rules
2	hunger in a quote		French						tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

French «a wolf's hunger» and Ukrainian «Непогано»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 hunger	nsubj
2	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 hunger	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 wolf	det
4	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hunger	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 wolf	case
6	hunger	hunger	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 hunger	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 Непогано	cc
9	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 Непогано	amod
10	«	«	PUNCT	_	11 Непогано	punct
11	Непогано	Непогано	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 hunger	conj
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 hunger	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hunger in a quote		a wolf						nom hunger «state intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

Spanish «mil veces» and English «a million times»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 veces	amod
2	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 veces	punct
3	mil	mil	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 veces	compound
4	veces	vece	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 veces	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 English	cc
7	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 veces	conj
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	11 times	punct
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 million	det
10	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 times	nummod
11	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 English	appos
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	11 times	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/53-told-you-a-hundred-times-how-other-languages-exaggerate-and-play-down/t10/