Exam question 1 · How medicines work
Identify the means by which an orally administered medicine reaches the site of pain.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, the, administered medicine · What happens: identify, mean, administer, reach · To what, where: site · Speech: someone speaks here
This is exam question 1 of lesson 17 «How medicines work» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Identify | identify | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 means | nsubj |
| 3 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Identify | ccomp |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 5 which | case |
| 5 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 reaches | obl |
| 6 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 medicine | det |
| 7 | orally | orally | ADV | _ | 8 administered | advmod |
| 8 | administered | administer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 medicine | amod |
| 9 | medicine | medicine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 reaches | nsubj |
| 10 | reaches | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 means | ccomp |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 site | det |
| 12 | site | site | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 reaches | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 pain | case |
| 14 | pain | pain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 site | nmod |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Identify | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | identify | imperative | you not said here | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | mean | present | the | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | administer | participle | orally property | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | reach | present | a administered medicine | the site of pain | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent site=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
It remains within the stomach
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 remains | nsubj |
| 2 | remains | remain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | within | within | ADP | _ | 5 stomach | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 stomach | det |
| 5 | stomach | stomach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 remains | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | remain | present | It | within the stomach | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2
It travels through the throat directly to the head
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 travels | nsubj |
| 2 | travels | travel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | through | through | ADP | _ | 5 throat | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 throat | det |
| 5 | throat | throat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 travels | obl |
| 6 | directly | directly | ADV | _ | 2 travels | advmod |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 head | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 head | det |
| 9 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 travels | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | travel | present | It | the throat | to the head; directly property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to head=Destination |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
It is absorbed into the blood and distributed throughout the body
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 absorbed | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 absorbed | aux:pass |
| 3 | absorbed | absorb | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | into | into | ADP | _ | 6 blood | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 blood | det |
| 6 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 absorbed | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 distributed | cc |
| 8 | distributed | distribute | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 absorbed | conj |
| 9 | throughout | throughout | ADP | _ | 11 body | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 body | det |
| 11 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 distributed | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | absorb | present · passive | It | the blood | vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | distribute | past | throughout the body | vn contribute-13.2-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
Option 4
It is directed by the nervous system straight to the painful site
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 directed | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 directed | aux:pass |
| 3 | directed | direct | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 system | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 system | det |
| 6 | nervous | nervous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 system | amod |
| 7 | system | system | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 directed | obl |
| 8 | straight | straight | ADV | _ | 12 site | advmod |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 site | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 site | det |
| 11 | painful | painful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 site | amod |
| 12 | site | site | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 directed | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | direct | present · passive | the nervous system | It | to the painful site | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent subject=Eventuality |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/17-how-medicines-work/e1/