Exam question 1 · Mum's vitamin and cod-liver oil

Ascertain the cause of the bone disease rickets, as recorded in the urban populations of former centuries.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, record, cause · To what, where: cause, urban populations, bone disease rickets

This is exam question 1 of lesson 22 «Mum's vitamin and cod-liver oil» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 cause	det
3	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	8 rickets	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 rickets	det
6	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 rickets	compound
7	disease	disease	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 rickets	compound
8	rickets	ricket	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 cause	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 recorded	punct
10	as	as	SCONJ	_	11 recorded	mark
11	recorded	record	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Ascertain	parataxis
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 populations	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 populations	det
14	urban	urban	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 populations	amod
15	populations	population	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 recorded	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 centuries	case
17	former	former	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 centuries	amod
18	centuries	century	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 populations	nmod
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the cause of the bone disease rickets		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cause=Topic
2	record	participle			the urban populations of former centuries	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in population=Destination
3	cause			the bone disease rickets		nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

An infection transmitted by fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 infection	det
2	infection	infection	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	transmitted	transmit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 infection	acl
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 fish	case
5	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 transmitted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	transmit	participle		a infection not said here				by fish	vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

A deficiency of vitamin C, owing to a want of fresh fruit and vegetables

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 deficiency	det
2	deficiency	deficiency	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 C	case
4	vitamin	vitamin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 C	compound
5	C	C	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 deficiency	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 owing	punct
7	owing	owe	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 deficiency	conj
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 want	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 want	det
10	want	want	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 owing	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 fruit	case
12	fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 fruit	amod
13	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 want	nmod
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 vegetables	cc
15	vegetables	vegetable	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 fruit	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	owe	gerund						to a want of fresh fruit and vegetables goal	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to want=Goal
2	want			fresh fruit and vegetables					nom want «state transitive»: of=patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

A deficiency of vitamin D, owing to insufficient sunlight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 deficiency	det
2	deficiency	deficiency	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 D	case
4	vitamin	vitamin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 D	compound
5	D	D	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 deficiency	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 owing	punct
7	owing	owe	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 deficiency	conj
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 sunlight	case
9	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 sunlight	amod
10	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 owing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	owe	gerund						to insufficient sunlight goal	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to sunlight=Goal

Option 4

An excess of dietary calcium

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 excess	det
2	excess	excess	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 calcium	case
4	dietary	dietary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 calcium	amod
5	calcium	calcium	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 excess	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/22-mums-vitamin-and-cod-liver-oil/e1/